Glossary · MWE Terms · A
L1 — paginated flat list. Pick a POS, pick a letter.
TermTypeDefinitionClassificationsUpdated
Accord and SatisfactionnounMWEthe settlement of a debt by paying less than the amount demanded in exchange for extinguishing the debtverified
Accordion DoornounMWEan interior door that opens by folding back in sections (rather than by swinging on hinges)verified
Account Balancing Monitoring System (ABMS)nounMWEThe Federal Reserve's computing system providing reserve account information to the Federal Reserve Banks and depository institutions on an intraday basis. ABMS serves both as an informational source and a monitoring tool. This information includes opening balances, funds and securities transfers, accounting activity, and depository institutions cap and collateral limits.verified
Account ExecutivenounMWEsomeone in charge of a client's account for an advertising agency or brokerage or other service businessverified
Account HarvestingnounMWEAccount Harvesting is the process of collecting all the legitimate account names on a system.verified
account managementnounMWEAn access-control discipline covering the full lifecycle of digital accounts — creation, modification, privilege assignment, monitoring, and removal — for every category of account (individual, shared, group, service, emergency, guest, anonymous, temporary, and others) across an organization's systems. It uses processes and tools to assign and manage authorization to credentials for user accounts, including administrator accounts and service accounts, across enterprise assets and software. It focuses on managing and controlling the creation, activation, modification, and termination of accounts in ways that enforce least privilege and reduce unauthorized-access risk. As an information-security-continuous-monitoring (ISCM) capability, it ensures that people have the privileges necessary — and only those necessary — to perform their duties.verified
account managernounMWEAn organizational role — a designated person or position formally assigned responsibility for the lifecycle governance of one or more access accounts. It is distinguished from a generic administrator or supervisor by its explicit, policy-mandated accountability: the account manager is the named party whom the organization must notify when accounts are no longer needed, when users are terminated or transferred, or when need-to-know changes, and who is responsible for ensuring accounts are created, modified, enabled, disabled, and removed in accordance with organizational policy. In practice, NIST SP 800-53 AC-2 requires organizations to assign account managers who manage accounts and roles, and automated account management mechanisms are expected to notify account managers when an account is created, enabled, modified, disabled, or removed, or when users are terminated or transferred. The role is not confined to system accounts: AC-2 requires the organization to manage information system accounts across their full lifecycle — defining account types, assigning account managers, establishing conditions for group and role membership, creating, enabling, modifying, disabling, and removiverified
Account PayablenounMWEa liability account showing how much is owed for goods and services purchased on creditverified
Account RepresentativenounMWEsomeone in charge of a client's account for an advertising agency or brokerage or other service businessverified
Account-To-Account Payment (A2A)nounMWEPayment system that allows the consumer to direct transfer of funds from one account to another account at a different financial institution.verified
Accounting DatanounMWEall the data that support a financial statement usually from ledgers, journals, and spreadsheetsverified
Accounting FirmnounMWEa firm of accountants who provide accounting and auditing services for a feeverified
Accounting Legend CodenounMWENumeric code used to indicate the minimum accounting controls required for items of accountable communications security (COMSEC) material within the COMSEC Material Control System.verified
Accounting NumbernounMWENumber assigned to an item of COMSEC material to facilitate its control.verified
Accounting PrinciplenounMWEa principle that governs current accounting practice and that is used as a reference to determine the appropriate treatment of complex transactionsverified
Accounting StandardnounMWEa principle that governs current accounting practice and that is used as a reference to determine the appropriate treatment of complex transactionsverified
Accounting SystemnounMWEa bookkeeper's chronological list of related debits and credits of a businessverified
Accreditation PackagenounMWEProduct comprised of a System Security Plan (SSP) and a report documenting the basis for the accreditation decision.verified
Accrediting AuthoritynounMWESynonymous with Designated Accrediting Authority (DAA). See also Authorizing Official.verified
Accrual BasisnounMWEa method of accounting in which each item is entered as it is earned or incurred regardless of when actual payments are received or madeverified
Accumulator RegisternounMWE(computer science) a register that has a built-in adder that adds an input number to the contents of the registerverified
Acetic AcidnounMWEa colorless pungent liquid widely used in manufacturing plastics and pharmaceuticalsverified
Acetone BodynounMWEa ketone that is an intermediate product of the breakdown of fats in the bodyverified
Achromatic LensnounMWEa compound lens system that forms an image free from chromatic aberrationverified
Acid HydrogennounMWEa hydrogen atom in an acid that forms a positive ion when the acid dissociatesverified
Acid PrecipitationnounMWErain containing acids that form in the atmosphere when industrial gas emissions (especially sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides) combine with waterverified
Acid RainnounMWErain containing acids that form in the atmosphere when industrial gas emissions (especially sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides) combine with waterverified
Acid ValuenounMWEthe amount of free acid present in fat as measured by the milligrams of potassium hydroxide needed to neutralize itverified
Acid-Base BalancenounMWE(physiology) the normal equilibrium between acids and alkalis in the bodyverified
Acid-Base EquilibriumnounMWEthe normal equilibrium between acids and alkalis in the body, from physiologyverified
Acidic HydrogennounMWEa hydrogen atom in an acid that forms a positive ion when the acid dissociatesverified
ACK PiggybackingnounMWEACK piggybacking is the practice of sending an ACK inside another packet going to the same destination.verified
acknowledge the cornverbMWEto acknowledge defeat or admit to a mistake, cop a plea, admit to a small error but not a larger oneverified
Aclinic LinenounMWEan imaginary line paralleling the equator where a magnetic needle has no dipverified
Acne RosaceanounMWEa skin disease of adults, more often women, in which blood vessels of the face enlarge resulting in a flushed appearanceverified
Acorn SquashnounMWEsquash plant bearing small acorn-shaped fruits having yellow flesh and dark green or yellow rind with longitudinal ridgesverified
Acoustic AphasianounMWEan impairment in understanding spoken language that is not attributable to hearing lossverified
Acoustic MeatusnounMWEeither of the passages in the outer ear from the auricle to the tympanic membraneverified
Acoustic ModemnounMWEa modem that converts electrical signals to telephone tones and back againverified
Acoustic NervenounMWEa composite sensory nerve supplying the hair cells of the vestibular organ and the hair cells of the cochleaverified
Acoustic PhenomenonnounMWEa physical phenomenon associated with the production or transmission of soundverified
Acoustic Radiation PressurenounMWE(acoustics) the pressure exerted on a surface normal to the direction of propagation of a sound waveverified
Acoustic SpectrumnounMWEthe distribution of energy as a function of frequency for a particular sound sourceverified
Acquired HemochromatosisnounMWEhemochromatosis resulting from repeated transfusions or from excessive intake of foods containing ironverified