Glossary · MWE Terms · A
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TermTypeDefinitionClassificationsUpdated
Ad Valorem TaxnounMWEa tax levied on the difference between a commodity's price before taxes and its cost of productionverified
Adams-Stokes SyndromenounMWErecurrent sudden attacks of unconsciousness caused by impaired conduction of the impulse that regulates the heartbeatverified
Adaptive Dynamic ProgrammingnounMWEA means of learning a model and a reward function from observations that then uses value or policy iteration to obtain the utilities or an optimal policy; makes optimal use of the local constraints on utilities of states imposed through the neighborhood structure of the environment.verified
Adaptive LearningnounMWEUpdating predictive models online during their operation to react to concept driftsverified
Adaptive RadiationnounMWEthe development of many different forms from an originally homogeneous group of organisms as they fill different ecological nichesverified
Add-on SecuritynounMWEIncorporation of new hardware, software, or firmware safeguards in an operational information system.verified
Adder's FernnounMWEmat-forming lithophytic or terrestrial fern with creeping rootstocks and large pinnatifid fronds found throughout North America and Europe and Africa and east Asiaverified
Address Resolution ProtocolnounMWEAddress Resolution Protocol (ARP) is a protocol for mapping an Internet Protocol address to a physical machine address that is recognized in the local network. A table, usually called the ARP cache, is used to maintain a correlation between each MAC address and its corresponding IP address. ARP provides the protocol rules for making this correlation and providing address conversion in both directions.verified
Address Verification Service (AVS)nounMWEBankcard company service that verifies the customer-provided billing address matches the billing address on their credit card account. The bankcard companies will not support merchants that opt for not using AVS if those transactions are disputed and will charge the merchant an additional 1.25% on those sales.verified
Addressing MachinenounMWEa printer that automatically prints addresses on letters for mailingverified
Adenomatous PolypnounMWEa polyp that consists of benign neoplastic tissue derived from glandular epitheliumverified
Adenosine DeaminasenounMWEan enzyme found in mammals that can catalyze the deamination of adenosine into inosine and ammoniaverified
Adenosine DiphosphatenounMWEan ester of adenosine that is converted to ATP for energy storageverified
Adenosine MonophosphatenounMWEa nucleotide found in muscle cells and important in metabolismverified
Adenosine TriphosphatenounMWEa nucleotide derived from adenosine that occurs in muscle tissueverified
Adequate SecuritynounMWESecurity commensurate with the risk and magnitude of harm resulting from the loss, misuse, or unauthorized access to or modification of information. Note: This includes assuring that information systems operate effectively and provide appropriate confidentiality, integrity, and availability, through the use of cost-effective management, personnel, operational, and technical controls.verified
Ader WaxnounMWEa waxy mineral that is a mixture of hydrocarbons and occurs in association with petroleumverified
Adhesion ContractnounMWEa contract that heavily restricts one party while leaving the other free (as some standard form printed contracts)verified
Adhesive BandagenounMWEbandage consisting of a medical dressing of plain absorbent gauze held in place by a plastic or fabric tape coated with adhesiveverified
Adhesive FrictionnounMWEthe friction between a body and the surface on which it moves (as between an automobile tire and the road)verified
Adiabatic ProcessnounMWE(thermodynamics) any process that occurs without gain or loss of heatverified
Adipose TissuenounMWEa kind of body tissue containing stored fat that serves as a source of energyverified
Adjusting EntrynounMWEan accounting entry made at the end of an accounting period to allocate items between accounting periodsverified
Administrative Data ProcessingnounMWEAny operation or set of operations performed on personal data, whether or not by automated meansverified
Administrative HearingnounMWEa hearing that takes place outside the judicial process before hearing examiners who have been granted judicial authority specifically for the purpose of conducting such hearingsverified
Administrative LawnounMWEthe body of rules and regulations and orders and decisions created by administrative agencies of governmentverified
administrative privilegenounMWEA class of access rights — elevated above those granted to standard users — that collectively authorize an account or identity to perform security-sensitive operations that affect the configuration, integrity, or management of a system or network. What distinguishes it from ordinary user permissions is the authority to modify or override other accounts' rights and to perform security-relevant functions — such as key management, account management, network and system administration, and database administration — that ordinary users are not authorized to perform. In practice, the field uses the term to identify a condition that triggers heightened governance: users or accounts requiring administrative privileges on system accounts receive additional scrutiny from organizational personnel — such as the system owner, mission/business owner, or chief information security officer — responsible for approving such accounts and privileged access. Control frameworks invoke it primarily to enforce least-privilege goals: limiting how many accounts carry such privileges reduces the probability of a threat actor abusing them to cause harm.verified
administrative responsibilitynounMWEThe day to day management of a system or process, including tasks like creating accounts, updating role assignments, tracking requests, and so forth.verified
Administrative SafeguardsnounMWEAdministrative actions, policies, and procedures to manage the selection, development, implementation, and maintenance of security measures to protect electronic health information and to manage the conduct of the covered entity's workforce in relation to protecting that information.verified
Administrator privilegesnounMWEComputer system access to resources that are unavailable to most users. Administrator privileges permit execution of actions that would otherwise be restricted.verified
Admiralty LawnounMWEthe branch of international law that deals with territorial and international waters or with shipping or with ocean fishery etc.verified
Admiralty MilenounMWEa former British unit of length equivalent to 6,080 feet (1,853.184 meters)verified
Adrenal Cortical SteroidnounMWEa steroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex or synthesizedverified
Adrenaline JunkienounMWEsomeone who seems to be addicted to thrilling, often dangerous activities, like sky diving verified
Adrenocorticotrophic HormonenounMWEa hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortexverified
Adrenocorticotropic HormonenounMWEa hormone produced by the anterior pituitary gland that stimulates the adrenal cortexverified
Adsuki BeannounMWEbushy annual widely grown in China and Japan for the flour made from its seedsverified
Adult EducationnounMWEa course (via lectures or correspondence) for adults who are not otherwise engaged in formal studyverified
Adult Respiratory Distress SyndromenounMWEacute lung injury characterized by coughing and ralesverified
Adult ToothnounMWEany of the 32 teeth that replace the deciduous teeth of early childhood and can last until old ageverified