Glossary · MWE Terms · O
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TermTypeDefinitionClassificationsUpdated
Osculating CirclenounMWEthe circle that touches a curve (on the concave side) and whose radius is the radius of curvatureverified
OSI layersnounMWEThe main idea in OSI is that the process of communication between two end points in a telecommunication network can be divided into layers, with each layer adding its own set of special, related functions. Each communicating user or program is at a computer equipped with these seven layers of function. So, in a given message between users, there will be a flow of data through each layer at one end down through the layers in that computer and, at the other end, when the message arrives, another flow of data up through the layers in the receiving computer and ultimately to the end user or program. The actual programming and hardware that furnishes these seven layers of function is usually a combination of the computer operating system, applications (such as your Web browser), TCP/IP or alternative transport and network protocols, and the software and hardware that enable you to put a signal on one of the lines attached to your computer. OSI divides telecommunication into seven layers. The layers are in two groups. The upper four layers are used whenever a message passes from or to a user. The lower three layers (up to the network layer) are used when any message passes through the host computer or router. Messages intended for this computer pass to the upper layers. Messages destined for some other host are not passed up to the upper layers but are forwarded to another host. The seven layers are: Layer 7: The application layer...This is the layer at which communication partners are identified, quality of service is identified, user authentication and privacy are considered, and any constraints on data syntax are identified. (This layer is not the application itself, although some applications may perform application layer functions.) Layer 6: The presentation layer...This is a layer, usually part of an operating system, that converts incoming and outgoing data from one presentation format to another (for example, from a text stream into a popup window with the newly arrived text). Sometimes called the syntax layer. Layer 5: The session layer...This layer sets up, coordinates, and terminates conversations, exchanges, and dialogs between the applications at each end. It deals with session and connection coordination. Layer 4: The transport layer...This layer manages the end-to-end control (for example, determining whether all packets have arrived) and error-checking. It ensures complete data transfer. Layer 3: The network layer...This layer handles the routing of the data (sending it in the right direction to the right destination on outgoing transmissions and receiving incoming transmissions at the packet level). The network layer does routing and forwarding. Layer 2: The data-link layer...This layer provides synchronization for the physical level and does bit-stuffing for strings of 1's in excess of 5. It furnishes transmission protocol knowledge and management. Layer 1: The physical layer...This layer conveys the bit stream through the network at the electrical and mechanical level. It provides the hardware means of sending and receiving data on a carrier.verified
Osmotic PressurenounMWE(physical chemistry) the pressure exerted by a solution necessary to prevent osmosis into that solution when it is separated from the pure solvent by a semipermeable membraneverified
Osseous LabyrinthnounMWEcavity in the petrous part of the temporal bone that contains the membranous labyrinthverified
Osso BuconounMWEsliced veal knuckle or shin bone cooked with olive oil and wine and tomatoes and served with rice or vegetablesverified
Ostensive DefinitionnounMWEa definition that points out or exhibits instances of the term definedverified
Osteogenesis ImperfectanounMWEautosomal dominant disorder of connective tissue characterized by brittle bones that fracture easilyverified
Ostrich FernnounMWEtall fern of northern temperate regions having graceful arched fronds and sporophylls resembling ostrich plumesverified
Oswego TeanounMWEperennial aromatic herb of eastern North America having variously colored tubular flowers in dense showy headsverified
Otic GanglionnounMWEan autonomic ganglion whose postganglionic fibers are distributed to the parotid glandverified
Out-Of-Body ExperiencenounMWEthe dissociative experience of observing yourself from an external perspective as though your mind or soul had left and was observing your bodyverified
Out-Of-Court SettlementnounMWEresolution of a dispute prior to the rendering of a final decision by the trial courtverified
Out-Of-The-Box ThinkingnounMWEthinking that moves away in diverging directions so as to involve a variety of aspects and which sometimes lead to novel ideas and solutionsverified
Outcome measurenounMWERepresents the consequences of actions previously taken; often referred to as a lag indicator Scope Note: Outcome measure frequently focuses on results at the end of a time period and characterize historic performance. They are also referred to as a key goal indicator (KGI) and used to indicate whether goals have been met. These can be measured only after the fact and, therefore, are called lag indicators.verified
Outer PlanetnounMWE(astronomy) a major planet whose orbit is outside the asteroid belt (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune, Pluto)verified
Outlet BoxnounMWE(electricity) receptacle consisting of the metal box designed for connections to a wiring systemverified
Output ContractnounMWEa contract in which you promise to deliver your entire output to the other party who promises to accept itverified
Output DevicenounMWEelectronic or electromechanical equipment connected to a computer and used to transfer data out of the computer in the form of text, images, sounds, or other mediaverified
Output FilenounMWE(computer science) a computer file that contains data that are the output of a device or programverified
Outrigger CanoenounMWEa seagoing canoe (as in South Pacific) with an outrigger to prevent it from upsettingverified
Outside LoopnounMWEa loop consisting of a dive followed by inverted flight followed by a climb that returns to horizontal flightverified
Outside ThreatnounMWEAn unauthorized entity from outside the domain perimeter that has the potential to harm an Information System through destruction, disclosure, modification of data, and/or denial of service.verified
outside( r) threatnounMWEA person or group of persons external to an organization who are not authorized to access its assets and pose a potential risk to the organization and its assets.verified
Outsider ArtnounMWEa genre of art and outdoor constructions made by untrained artists who do not recognize themselves as artistsverified
Outsider ThreatnounMWEAn unauthorized entity outside the security domain that has the potential to harm an information system through destruction, disclosure, modification of data, and/or denial of service.verified
outsourced applicationnounMWEAn application that is contracted out to an external provider for the development, deployment, and management.verified
outsourced service providersnounMWEA service provider that performs business processes, operations, or controls on behalf of the entity when such business processes, operations, or controls are necessary to achieve the entity's objectives.verified
outsourcing arrangementnounMWEA contract between the institution and an audit services firm to provide internal audit services.verified
outsourcing contractnounMWEThe outsourcing contract is one of the most important document in an outsourcing relationship. The contract, terms and the quality of the contract will largely influence the outsourcing relations, governance and overall the success of the outsourcing venture.verified
Outsourcing Service ContractnounMWEThis record contains acquisition or outsourcing contracts for IT services.verified
Ovarian ArterynounMWEthe artery that branches from the aorta and supplies blood to the ovariesverified