Glossary · Nouns · E
L1 — paginated flat list. Pick a POS, pick a letter.
TermTypeDefinitionClassificationsUpdated
Existentialist PhilosophernounMWEa philosopher who emphasizes freedom of choice and personal responsibility but who regards human existence in a hostile universe as unexplainableverified
Existentialist PhilosophynounMWE(philosophy) a 20th-century philosophical movement chiefly in Europeverified
existing controlnounMWEControls that are already present in an organization to protect against the identified threats and vulnerabilities.Control
Exobiologynounthe branch of biology concerned with the effects of outer space on living organisms and the search for extraterrestrial lifeverified
Exogamynounmarriage to a person belonging to a tribe or group other than your own as required by custom or lawverified
Exogenous DepressionnounMWEan inappropriate state of depression that is precipitated by events in the person's life (to be distinguished from normal grief)verified
Exomphalosnounan umbilical hernia at birth in which some abdominal organs push into the umbilical cordverified
Exonucleasenouna nuclease that releases one nucleotide at a time (serially) beginning at one of a nucleic acidverified
Exorcistnounone of the minor orders in the unreformed Western Church but now suppressed in the Roman Catholic Churchverified
Exoskeletonnounthe exterior protective or supporting structure or shell of many animals (especially invertebrates) including bony or horny parts such as nails or scales or hoofsverified
Exothermnouna compound that gives off heat during its formation and absorbs heat during its decompositionverified
Expansion BoltnounMWEa bolt that has an attachment that expands as the bolt is driven into a surfaceverified
Expansion SlotnounMWE(computer) a socket in a microcomputer that will accept a plug-in circuit boardverified
Expansionismnounthe doctrine of expanding the territory or the economic influence of a countryverified
Expansivitynounthe fractional change in length or area or volume per unit change in temperature at a given constant pressureverified
Expatiationnouna discussion (spoken or written) that enlarges on a topic or theme at length or in detailverified
Expatriationnounmigration from a place (especially migration from your native country in order to settle in another)verified
expected inactivitynounMWEA compositional noun phrase used in access-control policy language to denote a period during which a user anticipates having no interaction with a system — distinguishable from *observed* or *detected* inactivity (which triggers automatic device-lock or session-termination mechanisms) in that it reflects the user's own foreknowledge or intent. NIST SP 800-53 AC-2(5) uses it to require that users log out when an organization-defined time period of expected inactivity applies, noting that this is behavior- or policy-based and requires users to take physical action to log out when they anticipate being inactive longer than a defined period. NIST SP 800-171A Rev. 3 similarly frames it as the condition after which users must log out, parameterized by an organization-defined time period. In practice the phrase qualifies an elapsed-time threshold or named circumstance that an organization plugs into its access-control policy; it does not name a discrete security object or procedure of its own.RequirementRegulated
Expected OutputnounMWEAny data collected from monitoring and assessments as part of the Information Security Continuous Monitoring (ISCM) strategy.DataInternalCUI
Expected ValuenounMWEthe sum of the values of a random variable divided by the number of valuesverified
Expediencenountaking advantage of opportunities without regard for the consequences for othersverified
Expeditionnouna military campaign designed to achieve a specific objective in a foreign countryverified
Expense AccountnounMWEan account to which salespersons or executives can charge travel and entertainment expensesverified
ExperimentnounA study of a fundamental physical process by the use of one or more computer simulators. Like empirical experiments, input variables (factors) are systematically changed to assess their impact upon simulator outputs (responses). Unlike empirical experiments, the simulator responses are deterministic, and this has implications: Computer experiments can appropriately have their factors with intermediate levels and the scope, especially the number of runs, can be more ambitious. Further, modeling methods based on interpolators (especially kriging) emerge as a viable approach. Good practice is to use Latin hypercubes for computer experiments, and advanced nonparametric modeling methods such as kriging, neural networks, and multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) in the data analysis stage. Important applications of computer experimental methods are for determining process optima and for evaluating process tolerances.Process
Experimental ConditionnounMWEthe procedure that is varied in order to estimate a variable's effect by comparison with a control conditionverified
Experimental ExtinctionnounMWEa conditioning process in which the reinforcer is removed and a conditioned response becomes independent of the conditioned stimulusverified
Experimental MethodnounMWEthe use of controlled observations and measurements to test hypothesesverified
Experimental ProcedurenounMWEthe specific techniques used in conducting a particular experimentverified
Experimental PsychologynounMWEthe branch of psychology that uses experimental methods to study psychological issuesverified
Experimental VariablenounMWE(statistics) a variable whose values are independent of changes in the values of other variablesverified
Experimenter BiasnounMWE(psychology) bias introduced by an experimenter whose expectations about the outcome of the experiment can be subtly communicated to the participants in the experimentverified
Expert SystemnounMWEA computer system emulating the decision-making ability of a human expert through the use of reasoning, leveraging an encoding of domain-specific knowledge most commonly represented by sets of if-then rules rather than procedural code. The term “expert system” was used largely during the 1970s and ’80s amidst great enthusiasm about the power and promise of rule-based systems that relied on a “knowledge base” of domain-specific rules and rule-chaining procedures that map observations to conclusions or recommendations.System
Expert WitnessnounMWEa witness who has knowledge not normally possessed by the average person concerning the topic that he is to testify aboutverified
ExplainabilitynounA characteristic of an AI system in which there is provision of accompanying evidence or reasons for system output in a manner that is meaningful or understandable to individual users (as well as to developers and auditors) and reflects the system’s process for generating the output (e.g., what alternatives were considered, but not proposed, and why not).Capability
Explanandumnoun(logic) a statement of something (a fact or thing or expression) to be explainedverified
Explanationnouna statement that makes something comprehensible by describing the relevant structure or operation or circumstances etc.Artifact