Autonomy

A system’s level of independence from human involvement and ability to operate without human intervention. [Different AI systems have different levels of autonomy.] An autonomous system has a set of learning, adaptive and analytical capabilities to respond to situations that were not pre-programmed or anticipated (i.e., decision-based responses) prior to system deployment. Autonomous or semi-autonomous AI systems can be characterised as "human-in-the-loop", "human-on-the-loop", or "human-out-of-the loop" systems depending on their level of meaningful involvement of human beings.