Glossary · MWE Terms · I
L1 — paginated flat list. Pick a POS, pick a letter.
TermTypeDefinitionClassificationsUpdated
International ScalenounMWEa temperature scale that defines the freezing point of water as 0 degrees and the boiling point of water as 100 degreesverified
International Standards OrganizationnounMWEThe world’s largest developer of voluntary International Standardsverified
International TerrorismnounMWEterrorism practiced in a foreign country by terrorists who are not native to that countryverified
International WatersnounMWEthe open seas of the world outside the territorial waters of any nationverified
internet accessnounMWEInternet access refers to the means by which users connect to the Internet, and includes the following components: (1) The transmission of information as common carriage; (2) The transmission of information as part of a gateway to an information service, when that transmission does not involve the generation or alteration of the content of information, but may include data transmission, address translation, protocol conversion, billing management, introductory information content, and navigational systems that enable users to access information services, and that do not affect the presentation of such information to users; and (3) Electronic mail services (e-mail).verified
Internet Assigned Numbers AuthoritynounMWEResponsible for the global coordination of the DNS root, IP addressing, and other Internet protocol resourcesverified
Internet Control Message ProtocolnounMWEA set of protocols that allow systems to communicate information about the state of services on other systems Scope Note: For example, ICMP is used in determining whether systems are up, maximum packet sizes on links, whether a destination host/network/port is available. Hackers typically use (abuse) ICMP to determine information about the remote site.verified
Internet Engineering Task ForcenounMWEThe body that defines standard Internet operating protocols such as TCP/IP. The IETF is supervised by the Internet Society Internet Architecture Board (IAB). IETF members are drawn from the Internet Society's individual and organization membership.verified
Internet Message Access ProtocolnounMWEA protocol that defines how a client should fetch mail from and return mail to a mail server. IMAP is intended as a replacement for or extension to the Post Office Protocol (POP). It is defined in RFC 1203 (v3) and RFC 2060 (v4).verified
Internet of ThingsnounMWEThe network of devices that contain the hardware, software, firmware, and actuators which allow the devices to connect, interact, and freely exchange data and information.verified
Internet protocolnounMWEStandard protocol for transmission of data from source to destinations in packet-switched communications networks and interconnected systems of such networks.verified
Internet protocol (IP)nounMWEIP is a standard format for routing data packets between computers. IP is efficient, flexible, routable, and widely used with many applications, and is gaining acceptance as the preferred communication protocol.verified
Internet Protocol SecuritynounMWEA developing standard for security at the network or packet processing layer of network communication.verified
Internet service providernounMWEA third party that provides individuals and enterprises with access to the Internet and a variety of other Internet-related servicesverified
Internet service provider (ISP)nounMWEA company that provides its customers with access to the Internet (e.g., AT&T, Verizon, CenturyLink).verified
Internet SitenounMWEa computer connected to the internet that maintains a series of web pages on the World Wide Webverified
Internet Small Computer System Interface (iSCSI)nounMWEAn Internet protocol based storage networking standard for linking data storage facilities, used to facilitate. iSCSI is data transfers over intranets and to manage storage over long distances.verified
Internet StandardnounMWEA specification, approved by the IESG and published as an RFC, that is stable and well-understood, is technically competent, has multiple, independent, and interoperable implementations with substantial operational experience, enjoys significant public support, and is recognizably useful in some or all parts of the Internet.verified
Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequenced Packet ExchangenounMWEIPX is layer 3 of the open systems interconnect (OSI) model network protocol; SPX is layer 4 transport protocol. The SPX layer sits on top of the IPX layer and provides connection-oriented services between two nodes on the network.verified
Interoperability standards/protocolsnounMWECommonly agreed on standards that enable different computers or programs to share information. Example: HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) is a standard method of publishing information as hypertext in HTML format on the Internet.verified
Interplanetary GasnounMWEa rarefied flow of gas and charged particles (plasma) that stream from the sun and form the solar windverified
Interpretable ModelnounMWEAn interpretable machine learning model obeys a domain-specific set of constraints to allow it (or its predictions, or the data) to be more easily understood by humans. These constraints can differ dramatically depending on the domain.verified
Interpretative DancenounMWEa form of modern dance in which the dancer's movements depict an emotion or tell a storyverified
Interpretative DancingnounMWEa form of modern dance in which the dancer's movements depict an emotion or tell a storyverified
Interpretive DancenounMWEa form of modern dance in which the dancer's movements depict an emotion or tell a storyverified
Interpretive DancingnounMWEa form of modern dance in which the dancer's movements depict an emotion or tell a storyverified
Interpretive ProgramnounMWE(computer science) a program that translates and executes source language statements one line at a timeverified
Interrogation PointnounMWEa punctuation mark (?) placed at the end of a sentence to indicate a questionverified
Interrogative MoodnounMWEsome linguists consider interrogative sentences to constitute a moodverified
Interrupted FernnounMWENorth American fern having tall erect pinnate fronds and a few sporogenous pinnae at or near the center of the fertile frondsverified
Interstate HighwaynounMWEone of the system of highways linking major cities in the 48 contiguous states of the United Statesverified
Interstellar MediumnounMWEinterstellar space including streams of protons moving from the starsverified
Interstitial Cell-Stimulating HormonenounMWEa gonadotropic hormone that is secreted by the anterior pituitaryverified
Interstitial FluidnounMWEliquid found between the cells of the body that provides much of the liquid environment of the bodyverified
Interstitial Plasma Cell PneumonianounMWEpneumonia occurring in infants or in persons with impaired immune systems (as AIDS victims)verified
Interstitial PneumonianounMWEchronic lung disease affecting the interstitial tissue of the lungsverified
Interstitial TissuenounMWEtissue between the cells of a structure or part in plant or animalverified
Interventricular ForamennounMWEthe small opening (on both the right and left sides) that connects the third ventricle in the diencephalon with the lateral ventricle in the cerebral hemisphereverified
Intervertebral DiscnounMWEa fibrocartilaginous disc serving as a cushion between all of the vertebrae of the spinal column (except between the first two)verified
Intervertebral DisknounMWEa fibrocartilaginous disc serving as a cushion between all of the vertebrae of the spinal column (except between the first two)verified
Intestinal ArterynounMWEan artery that is a branch of the superior mesenteric artery that supplies the jejunumverified
Intestinal FloranounMWEharmless microorganisms (as Escherichia coli) that inhabit the intestinal tract and are essential for its normal functioningverified
Intestinal ObstructionnounMWEblockage of the intestine (especially the ileum) that prevents the contents of the intestine from passing to the lower bowelverified
Intonation PatternnounMWEintonations characteristic of questions and requests and statementsverified
Intra ViresadjectiveMWEwithin the legal power or authority or a person or official or body etccandidate
Intracellular FluidnounMWEliquid contained inside the cell membranes (usually containing dissolved solutes)verified
Intradermal TestnounMWEa form of skin test in which the suspected allergen is injected into the skinverified
Intraocular LensnounMWEan artificial lens that is implanted into the eye of someone to replace a damaged natural lens or someone who has had a cataract removedverified
Intrauterine DevicenounMWEcontraceptive device consisting of a piece of bent plastic or metal that is inserted through the vagina into the uterusverified
Intravenous AnestheticnounMWEan anesthetic that produces anesthesia when injected into the circulatory systemverified
Intravenous DripnounMWEslow continuous drip introducing solutions intravenously (a drop at a time)verified
Intravenous PyelogramnounMWEX-ray picture of the kidneys and ureters after injection of a radiopaque dyeverified
Intravenous PyelographynounMWEperforming pyelography with intravenous injection of a contrast mediumverified
Intrinsic FactornounMWEa substance produced by the mucosa of the stomach and intestines that is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12verified
Intrinsic FraudnounMWEfraud (as by use of forged documents or false claims or perjury) that misleads a court or jury and induces a finding for the one perpetrating the fraudverified
Intrusion detectionnounMWETechniques that attempt to detect unauthorized entry or access into a computer or network by observation of actions, security logs, or audit data; detection of break-ins or attempts, either manually or via software expert systems that operate on logs or other information available on the network.verified
intrusion detection and prevention mechanismnounMWEA control or capability — realized as software, hardware, or a combination — that monitors system or network activity to identify signs of unauthorized access or policy violation, and takes action to stop or limit detected threats. The phrase joins the well-established "intrusion detection" function (passive monitoring and alerting, as defined in NIST SP 800-94, which characterizes intrusion detection as monitoring events in a computer system or network and analyzing them for signs of possible incidents) with the prevention function (software that automates the monitoring of events in a computer system or network, analyzing them for signs of possible incidents, and attempting to stop detected possible incidents, per the NIST CSRC Glossary entry for IDPS). The phrase "intrusion detection and prevention mechanism" is compositional — it describes any implementation (tool, process, or control) that performs these two functions — whereas the established term of art in the field is "intrusion detection and prevention system (IDPS)," as codified by NIST SP 800-94, which covers IDPS technologies across four classes: network-based, wireless, network behavior analysis, and host-based.verified
Intrusion Detection and Prevention SystemnounMWESoftware that automates the process of monitoring the events occurring in a computer system or network and analyzing them for signs of possible incidents and attempting to stop detected possible incidents.verified
intrusion detection parameternounMWEThis phrase is compositional rather than a term of art. "Intrusion detection" is a well-established field concept, and "parameter" is a generic technical word meaning a configurable value, threshold, or attribute; together they simply describe any measurable or configurable variable used within an intrusion detection context — such as a threshold, signature attribute, or detection rule value. In technical and patent usage, "intrusion parameters" refer to the set of criteria or values against which detected events are compared to determine whether an intrusion event has occurred, with those parameters defining which activity corresponds to which unusual or intrusion event. No authoritative standards body (NIST, ISO, AICPA, CIS) assigns this two-word phrase a specialized definition distinct from its component words.verified
Intrusion detection systemnounMWEInspects network and host security activity to identify suspicious patterns that may indicate a network or system attackverified
Intrusion detection system (IDS)nounMWESoftware or hardware product that detects and logs inappropriate, incorrect, or anomalous activity. It gathers and analyzes information from various areas within a computer or a network to identify possible security breaches, which include both intrusions (attacks from outside the organizations) and misuse (attacks from within the organizations). IDS are typically characterized based on the source of the data they monitor: host or network. A host-based IDS uses system log files and other electronic audit data to identify suspicious activity. A network-based IDS uses a sensor to monitor packets on the network to which it is attached.verified
Intrusion preventionnounMWEA preemptive approach to network security used to identify potential threats and respond to them to stop, or at least limit, damage or disruptionverified
Intrusion prevention systemnounMWESystem(s) which can detect an intrusive activity and can also attempt to stop the activity, ideally before it reaches its targets.verified
Intrusion prevention systems (IPS)nounMWEA system that can detect an intrusive activity and can also attempt to stop the activity, ideally before it reaches its target.verified
Invasion of IwonounMWEa bloody and prolonged operation on the island of Iwo Jima in which American marines landed and defeated Japanese defenders (February and March 1945)verified
Invasion of PrivacynounMWEthe wrongful intrusion by individuals or the government into private affairs with which the public has no concernverified
Inventory ControlnounMWEsupervision of the supply and storage and accessibility of items in order to insure an adequate supply without excessive oversupplyverified