Glossary · Nouns · A
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TermTypeDefinitionClassificationsUpdated
Amphibious AssaultnounMWEan amphibious operation attacking a land base that is carried out by troops that are landed by naval shipsverified
Amphibious DemonstrationnounMWEan amphibious operation conducted for the purpose of deceiving the enemy and leading him into a course of action unfavorable to himverified
Amphibole GroupnounMWEa group of minerals with similar crystal structures containing a silicate chain and combinations of chiefly sodium and calcium and magnesium and iron and aluminumverified
Amphibrachnouna metrical unit with unstressed-stressed-unstressed syllables (e.g., `remember')verified
Amphidiploidnoun(genetics) an organism or cell having a diploid set of chromosomes from each parentverified
Amphitheaternouna sloping gallery with seats for spectators, as in an operating room or theaterverified
Amphitheatrenouna sloping gallery with seats for spectators (as in an operating room or theater)verified
Ampicillinnounsemisynthetic penicillin (trade names Principen and Polycillin and SK-Ampicillin)verified
AmplificationnounLet [construct space] 𝑌 ′ and [prediction space] 𝑌ˆ be categorical. Then, a model exhibits disparity amplification if 𝑑tv (𝑌ˆ |𝑍=0,𝑌ˆ |𝑍=1) 𝑑tv (𝑌 ′ |𝑍=0,𝑌 ′ |𝑍=1). dtv is the total variation distance defined as follows. Let 𝑌0 and 𝑌1 be categorical random variables with finite supports Y0 and Y1. Then, the total variation distance between 𝑌0 and 𝑌1 is 𝑑tv (𝑌0,𝑌1) = 12 Σ︁ 𝑦∈Y0∪Y1 Pr[𝑌0=𝑦] − Pr[𝑌1=𝑦] . In the special case where 𝑌0,𝑌1 ∈ {0, 1}, the total variation distance can also be expressed as | Pr[𝑌0=1] − Pr[𝑌1=1] |.Vulnerability
Amplitude DistortionnounMWEdistortion that occurs when the output signal does not have a linear relation to the input signalverified
Ampoulenouna small bottle that contains a drug (especially a sealed sterile container for injection by needle)verified
Ampulnouna small bottle that contains a drug (especially a sealed sterile container for injection by needle)verified
Ampulenouna small bottle that contains a drug (especially a sealed sterile container for injection by needle)verified
Ampullanounthe dilated portion of a canal or duct especially of the semicircular canals of the earverified
Amuletnouna trinket or piece of jewelry usually hung about the neck and thought to be a magical protection against evil or diseaseverified
Amygdalanounan almond-shaped neural structure in the anterior part of the temporal lobe of the cerebrumverified
Amygdalinnouna bitter cyanogenic glucoside extracted from the seeds of apricots and plums and bitter almondsverified
Amygdaloid NucleusnounMWEan almond-shaped neural structure in the anterior part of the temporal lobe of the cerebrumverified
Amygdalotomynounpsychosurgery in which amygdaloid fibers that mediate limbic system activity are severed (in cases of extreme uncontrollable violence)verified
Amylasenounany of a group of proteins found in saliva and pancreatic juice and parts of plantsverified
Amylumnouna complex carbohydrate found chiefly in seeds, fruits, tubers, roots and stem pith of plants, notably in corn, potatoes, wheat, and riceverified
Amyotrophic Lateral SclerosisnounMWEthickening of tissue in the motor tracts of the lateral columns and anterior horns of the spinal cordverified
Anabiosisnounsuspended animation in organisms during periods of extreme drought from which they revive when moisture returnsverified
Anabolic SteroidnounMWEany of a group of synthetic steroid hormones used to stimulate muscle and bone growthverified
Anabolismnounthe synthesis in living organisms of more complex substances, such as living tissue, from simpler onesverified
Anaclitic DepressionnounMWEsevere and progressive depression in infants who lose their mother and do not get a suitable substituteverified
Anadiplosisnounrepetition of the final words of a sentence or line at the beginning of the nextverified
Anaerobenounan organism (especially a bacterium) that does not require air or free oxygen to liveverified
Anaesthetistnouna specialist who administers an anesthetic to a patient before he is treatedverified
Anaglyphnounmoving or still pictures in contrasting colors that appear three-dimensional when superimposedverified
Anaglyphynounthe process of producing pictures in contrasting colors that appear three-dimensional when superimposed and viewed through spectacles with one red and one green lensverified
Anagnostnouna cleric in the minor orders of the Eastern Orthodox Church who reads the lessons aloud in the liturgy (analogous to the lector in the Roman Catholic Church)verified
Anal PersonalitynounMWE(psychoanalysis) a personality characterized by meticulous neatness and suspicion and reserveverified
Anal PhasenounMWE(psychoanalysis) the second sexual and social stage of a child's development during which bowel control is learnedverified
Anal Retentive PersonalitynounMWE(psychoanalysis) a personality characterized by meticulous neatness and suspicion and reserveverified
Anal StagenounMWE(psychoanalysis) the second sexual and social stage of a child's development during which bowel control is learnedverified
AnalognounA transmission signal that varies continuously in amplitude and time and is generated in wave formation Scope Note: Analog signals are used in telecommunicationsNetwork