Glossary · Nouns · A
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TermTypeDefinitionClassificationsUpdated
attacknounAny kind of malicious activity that attempts to collect, disrupt, deny, degrade, or destroy information system resources or the information itself.Threat
Attack AircraftnounMWEa high-speed military or naval airplane designed to destroy enemy aircraft in the airverified
Attack Aircraft CarriernounMWEa large warship that carries planes and has a long flat deck for takeoffs and landingsverified
Attack mechanismnounMWEA method used to deliver the exploit. Unless the attacker is personally performing the attack, an attack mechanism may involve a payload, or container, that delivers the exploit to the target.Threat
attack methodnounMWEThe manner or technique and means an adversary may use in an assault on information or an information system.Threat
attack pathnounMWEThe steps that an adversary takes or may take to plan, prepare for, and execute an attack.Threat
attack patternnounMWESimilar cyber events or behaviors that may indicate an attack has occurred or is occurring, resulting in a security violation or a potential security violation.Threat
Attack Sensing and WarningnounMWEDetection, correlation, identification, and characterization of intentional unauthorized activity with notification to decision makers so that an appropriate response can be developed.Capability
attack signaturenounMWEA characteristic byte pattern used in malicious code or an indicator, or set of indicators, that allows the identification of malicious network activities.ArtifactInternal
attack surfacenounMWEThe set of points on the boundary of a system, a system element, or an environment where an attacker can try to enter, cause an effect on, or extract data from that system, system element, or environment. [19]Vulnerability
Attack vectornounMWEA path or route used by the adversary to gain access to the target (asset) Scope Note: There are two types of attack vectors: ingress and egress (also known as data exfiltration)Threat
Attar of RosesnounMWEa volatile fragrant oil obtained from fresh roses by steam distillationverified
Attendingnounthe process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of othersverified
Attentionnounthe process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of othersverified
Attention Deficit DisordernounMWEa condition (mostly in boys) characterized by behavioral and learning disordersverified
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity DisordernounMWEa condition (mostly in boys) characterized by behavioral and learning disordersverified
Attestantnoun(law) a person who attests to the genuineness of a document or signature by adding their own signatureverified
Attestation ReportnounMWEa consulting service in which a CPA expresses a conclusion about the reliability of a written statement that is the responsibility of someone elseverified
Attestation ServicenounMWEa consulting service in which a CPA expresses a conclusion about the reliability of a written statement that is the responsibility of someone elseverified
Attestatornoun(law) a person who attests to the genuineness of a document or signature by adding their own signatureverified
Attesternounsomeone who affirms or vouches for the correctness or truth or genuineness of somethingverified
Attestornoun(law) a person who attests to the genuineness of a document or signature by adding their own signatureverified
Attitudenouna complex mental state involving beliefs and feelings and values and dispositions to act in certain waysverified
Attorney-Client PrivilegenounMWEthe right of a lawyer to refuse to divulge confidential information from his clientverified
Attorney-Client RelationnounMWEthe responsibility of a lawyer to act in the best interests of the clientverified
Attracternoun(physics) a point in the ideal multidimensional phase space that is used to describe a system toward which the system tends to evolve regardless of the starting conditions of the systemverified
Attractive NuisancenounMWEanything on your premises that might attract children into danger or harmverified
Attractornoun(physics) a point in the ideal multidimensional phase space that is used to describe a system toward which the system tends to evolve regardless of the starting conditions of the systemverified
Attributenounproperty or characteristic of an object that can be distinguished quantitatively or qualitatively by human or automated meansData
Attribute AuthoritynounMWEAn entity, recognized by the Federal Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) Policy Authority or comparable agency body as having the authority to verify the association of attributes to an identity.OrganizationRegulatedCUI
Attribute-Based Access ControlnounMWEAccess control based on attributes associated with and about subjects, objects, targets, initiators, resources, or the environment. An access control rule set defines the combination of attributes under which an access may take place.Control
Attribute-Based AuthorizationnounMWEA structured process that determines when a user is authorized to access information, systems, or services based on attributes of the user and of the information, system, or service.Control
Attributive Genitive CasenounMWEa word in the genitive case that is used as an attributive adjectiveverified
Auberginenounhairy upright herb native to southeastern Asia but widely cultivated for its large glossy edible fruit commonly used as a vegetableverified
Auction BridgenounMWEa variety of bridge in which tricks made in excess of the contract are scored toward gameverified
Audiencenounthe part of the general public interested in a source of information or entertainmentverified
Audio Lingual AcquisitionnounMWEsystem of language acquisition focusing intensively on listening and speakingverified
auditnounIndependent review and examination of records and activities to assess the adequacy of system controls, to ensure compliance with established policies and operational procedures, and to recommend necessary changes in controls, policies, or procedures.Process
audit activitynounMWEThose activities and procedures through which information is obtained to verify conformance to regulatory or organizational requirementsProcessRegulated