Glossary · Nouns · C
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TermTypeDefinitionClassificationsUpdated
Comparative LiteraturenounMWEstudy of literary works from different cultures (often in translation)verified
Comparative NegligencenounMWE(law) negligence allocated between the plaintiff and the defendant with a corresponding reduction in damages paid to the plaintiffverified
Comparative PsychologynounMWEthe branch of psychology concerned with the behavior of animalsverified
Compartmentnouna partitioned section, chamber, or separate room within a larger enclosed areaverified
Compartment PressurenounMWEthe air pressure maintained in an air-tight compartment especially in an aircraftverified
Compartmentalisationnounthe act of distributing things into classes or categories of the same typeverified
CompartmentalizationnounA nonhierarchical grouping of sensitive information used to control access to data more finely than with hierarchical security classification alone.Control
Compartmented ModenounMWEMode of operation wherein each user with direct or indirect access to a system, its peripherals, remote terminals, or remote hosts has all of the following: (1) valid security clearance for the most restricted information processed in the system; (2) formal access approval and signed nondisclosure agreements for that information which a user is to have access; and (3) valid need-to-know for information which a user is to have access.ControlRegulatedCUI
Compass CardnounMWEcompass in the form of a card that rotates so that 0 degrees or North points to magnetic northverified
Compass FlowernounMWEany of several plants having leaves so arranged on the axis as to indicate the cardinal points of the compassverified
Compass PlantnounMWEany of several plants having leaves so arranged on the axis as to indicate the cardinal points of the compassverified
Compassionnounthe humane quality of understanding the suffering of others and wanting to do something about itverified
Compassionate LeavenounMWE(military) leave granted in an emergency such as family sickness or deathverified
Compatibilitynouncapability of existing or performing in harmonious or congenial combinationverified
Compatible SoftwarenounMWEapplication software programs that share common conventions so they can be utilized togetherverified
Compensating BalancenounMWEa minimum credit balance that a bank may require a borrower to keep on deposit as a condition for granting a loanverified
compensating controlnounMWEA management, operational, and/or technical control (e.g., safeguard or countermeasure) employed by an organization in lieu of a recommended security control in the low, moderate, or high baselines that provides equivalent or comparable protection for an information system.ControlRegulated
Compensating Security ControlnounMWEA management, operational, and/or technical control (i.e., safeguard or countermeasure) employed by an organization in lieu of a recommended security control in the low, moderate, or high baselines that provides equivalent or comparable protection for an information system. NIST SP 800-53: A management, operational, and technical control (i.e., safeguard or countermeasure) employed by an organization in lieu of the recommended control in the baselines described in NIST Special Publication 800-53 or in CNSS Instruction 1253, that provide equivalent or comparable protection for an information system.Control
compensationnounSomething, typically money, given or received in recognition of loss, suffering, or injury.candidate
Compensatory DamagesnounMWEcompensation for losses that can readily be proven to have occurred and for which the injured party has the right to be compensatedverified
Compensatory TimenounMWEtime off that is granted to a worker as compensation for working overtimeverified
competencenounThe state or quality of possessing the necessary ability, knowledge, or skill to do something successfully.Capability
Competence HearingnounMWEa hearing to determine legal capacity i.e. to determine whether the defendant can understand the charges and cooperate with a lawyer in preparing a defenseverified
Competencynounthe quality of being adequately or well qualified physically and intellectuallyverified
Competitive IntelligencenounMWECompetitive Intelligence is espionage using legal, or at least not obviously illegal, means.ThreatIP
Compilernoun(computer science) a program that decodes instructions written in a higher order language and produces an assembly language programverified
Compiling ProgramnounMWE(computer science) a program that decodes instructions written in a higher order language and produces an assembly language programverified
Complaintnoun(civil law) the first pleading of the plaintiff setting out the facts on which the claim for relief is basedverified
Complement FixationnounMWEan immune response in which an antigen-antibody combination inactivates a complement (so it is unavailable to participate in a second antigen-antibody combination)verified
Complement Fixation TestnounMWEa blood test in which a sample of serum is exposed to a particular antigen and complement in order to determine whether or not antibodies to that particular antigen are presentverified
Complementaritynouna relation between two opposite states or principles that together exhaust the possibilitiesverified
Complementary ColornounMWEeither one of two chromatic colors that when mixed together give white (in the case of lights) or grey (in the case of pigments)verified
Complementary DnanounMWEsingle-stranded DNA that is complementary to messenger RNA or DNA that has been synthesized from messenger RNA by reverse transcriptaseverified
Complementary MedicinenounMWEthe practice of medicine that combines traditional medicine with alternative medicineverified
Complementationnoun(linguistics) a distribution of related speech sounds or forms in such a way that they only appear in different contextsverified
Complete Blood CountnounMWEcounting the number of white and red blood cells and the number of platelets in 1 cubic millimeter of bloodverified
completenessnounThe state of having all the necessary or appropriate parts; having everything that is needed.Metric
completion datenounMWEA date when something will be finished, especially the date when a new building, road, etc. will be finished according to a contract the date when the ownership of a property legally passes from one person to another.Metric
Complex AbsencenounMWEan absence seizure accompanied by other abnormalities (atonia or automatisms or vasomotor changes)verified
Complex ConjugatenounMWEeither of two complex numbers whose real parts are identical and whose imaginary parts differ only in signverified
Complex Instruction Set ComputernounMWE(computer science) a kind of computer architecture that has a large number of instructions hard coded into the CPU chipverified
Complex Instruction Set ComputingnounMWE(computer science) a kind of computer architecture that has a large number of instructions hard coded into the CPU chipverified
Complex NumbernounMWE(mathematics) a number of the form a+bi where a and b are real numbers and i is the square root of -1verified
Complex QuantitynounMWE(mathematics) a number of the form a+bi where a and b are real numbers and i is the square root of -1verified
Complex SentencenounMWEa sentence composed of at least one main clause and one subordinate clauseverified
complexitynounThe degree of intricacy of a system or system component, determined by such factors as the number of conditional branches, the degree of nesting and the length and types of data structures. (CMS).Metric
CompliancenounThe state of being in accordance with laws, regulations, industry codes, organizational standards, or contractual arrangements.Process
Compliance documentsnounMWEPolicies, standard and procedures that document the actions that are required or prohibited. Violations may be subject to disciplinary actions.ArtifactInternal
Compliance Enforcement AuthoritynounMWEThe North American Electric Reliability Corporation (NERC) or the Regional Entity in their respective roles of monitoring and enforcing compliance with the NERC Reliability Standards.OrganizationRegulatedCUI
compliance plannounMWEA compliance plan is a system of checks and balances through which a reasonable effort is made to identify potential non-compliance issues regarding applicable laws and regulations, and to eliminate or mitigate those issues.ProcessInternal
compliance policynounMWEAn official expression of principles that direct an organization's approach to compliance.RequirementInternal
compliance procedurenounMWEA detailed description of the steps necessary to implement or perform something in conformance with applicable standards.Requirement
compliance programnounMWECompliance programs aim to prevent, and where necessary, identify and respond to, breaches of laws, regulations, codes or organizational standards occurring in the organization; and promote a culture of compliance within the organization.ProcessInternal
compliance requirementnounMWEThe various legal, contractual, and service level requirements that an organization must follow.RequirementRegulated
compliance risknounMWEThe risk to current and prospective earnings that arises from violating or not acting in accordance with laws, rules, regulations, prescribed practices, or ethical standards.MetricRegulated
compliance violation is detectednounMWEThis Triggering Event takes place when the condition of someone or something does not conform to the documented policies and standards has been discovered.FindingRegulated
Complicationnounany disease or disorder that occurs during the course of (or because of) another diseaseverified
Component Test/ExercisenounMWEA testing activity designed to validate the continuity of individual systems, processes, or functions, in isolation. For example, component tests may focus on recovering specific network devices, application restoration procedures, off-site tape storage, or proving the validity of data for a particular business line.Process