Glossary · Nouns · D
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TermTypeDefinitionClassificationsUpdated
Dashboardnounprotective covering consisting of a panel to protect people from the splashing water or mud etc.verified
Dasheennounherb of the Pacific islands grown throughout the tropics for its edible root and in temperate areas as an ornamental for its large glossy leavesverified
Dassienounany of several small ungulate mammals of Africa and Asia with rodent-like incisors and feet with hooflike toesverified
Dasymeternoundensimeter consisting of a thin glass globe that is weighed in a gas to determine its densityverified
Data AdministrationnounMWEIn the NICE Workforce Framework, cybersecurity work where a person: Develops and administers databases and/or data management systems that allow for the storage, query, and utilization of data.Role
data aggregationnounMWECompilation of individual data systems and data that could result in the totality of the information being classified, or classified at a higher level, or of beneficial use to an adversary.ProcessRegulatedCUI
Data AnalyticsnounMWEData analysis is the process of transforming raw data into usable information, often presented in the form of a published analytical article, in order to add value to the statistical output.Process
Data AssetnounMWE1. Any entity that is comprised of data. For example, a database is a data asset that is comprised of data records. A data asset may be a system or application output file, database, document, or Web page. A data asset also includes a service that may be provided to access data from an application. For example, a service that returns individual records from a database would be a data asset. Similarly, a Web site that returns data in response to specific queries (e.g., www.weather.com) would be a data asset. 2. An information-based resource.Data
data backupnounMWEThe physical copying of data files to a removable storage device that allows the data to be stored in another location.DataRegulated
data breachnounMWEThe unauthorized movement or disclosure of sensitive information to a party, usually outside the organization, that is not authorized to have or see the information.EventRegulated
Data centernounMWEA facility that houses an institution's most important information systems components, including computer systems, telecommunications components, and storage systems.PhysicalRegulated
data classificationnounMWEThe assignment of a level of sensitivity to data (or information) that results in the specification of controls for each level of classification. Levels of sensitivity of data are assigned according to predefined categories as data are created, amended, enhanced, stored or transmitted. The classification level is an indication of the value or importance of the data to the organization.Process
Data classification programnounMWEA program that categorizes data to convey required safeguards for information confidentiality, integrity, and availability; establishes controls required based on value and level of sensitivity.ProcessInternal
Data CleaningnounMWEData Cleaning is the process of identifying, correcting, or removing inaccurate or corrupt data recordsProcess
Data CommunicationnounMWEelectronic transmission of information that has been encoded digitally (as for storage and processing by computers)verified
data controlnounMWEThe function responsible for seeing that all data necessary for processing is present and that all output is complete and distributed properly. This function is generally responsible for reconciling record counts and control totals submitted by users with similar counts and totals generated during processing.Control
Data corruptionnounMWEErrors in computer data that occur during writing, reading, storage, transmission, or processing, which introduce unintended changes to the original data.Event
Data custodiannounMWEThe individual(s) and department(s) responsible for the storage and safeguarding of computerized dataRole
Data DredgingnounMWEA statistical bias in which testing huge numbers of hypotheses of a dataset may appear to yield statistical significance even when the results are statistically nonsignificant.Vulnerability
Data ElementnounMWEA basic unit of information that has a unique meaning and subcategories (data items) of distinct value. Examples of data elements include gender, race, and geographic location.DataPII
data encryptionnounMWEThe reversible transformation of data from the original, plain text, version to a difficult-to-interpret format for security purposes.Control
Data Encryption AlgorithmnounMWEThe DEA cryptographic engine that is used by the Triple Data Encryption Algorithm (TDEA).ControlRegulated
Data Encryption StandardnounMWECryptographic algorithm designed for the protection of unclassified data and published by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) Publication 46. (FIPS 46-3 withdrawn 19 May 2005) See Triple DES.ControlRegulated
Data FabricnounMWEA data corpus, after the application of semantic mapping, relevant ontologies, and data seeding sufficient for artificial intelligence (AI) or machine learning algorithms to provide meaningful insight, prediction, and/or prescription.Data
data flownounMWEThe path of data from input to output, which includes the traveling of data through the communication lines, routers, switches and firewalls as well as processing through various applications on servers that process the data from user input to storage in the organizations central database.Process
data flow diagramnounMWEA simplified drawing of how data moves throughout an application, system, or network.Artifact
Data FormattingnounMWEthe organization of information according to preset specifications (usually for computer processing)verified
Data FusionnounMWEA process in which data, generated by multiple sensory sources, is integrated and/or correlated to create information, knowledge, and/or intelligence that may be displayed for user or be actionable to accomplish the tasks.Process
data governancenounMWEA set of processes that ensures that important data assets are formally managed throughout the enterprise.Process
Data HierarchynounMWEan arrangement of data consisting of sets and subsets such that every subset of a set is of lower rank than the setverified
Data Input DevicenounMWEa device that can be used to insert data into a computer or other computational deviceverified
data integritynounMWEThe property that data has not been altered in an unauthorized manner. Data integrity covers data in storage, during processing, and while in transit.Requirement
Data LinknounMWEan interconnecting circuit between two or more locations for the purpose of transmitting and receiving dataverified
data lossnounMWEThe exposure of proprietary, sensitive, or classified information through either data theft or data leakage.EventRegulatedIP
data loss preventionnounMWEA set of procedures and mechanisms to stop sensitive data from leaving a security boundary.Capability
Data loss prevention (DLP) programnounMWEA comprehensive approach (covering people, processes, and systems) of implementing policies and controls designed specifically to discover, monitor, and protect confidential data wherever it is stored, used, or in transit over the network and at the perimeter.ProcessRegulated
data miningnounMWEThe process or techniques used to analyze large sets of existing information to discover previously unrevealed patterns or correlations.Process
Data mirroringnounMWEA back-up process that involves writing the same data to two physical disks or servers simultaneously.Process
Data MultiplexernounMWEa multiplexer that permits two or more data sources to share a common transmission mediumverified
Data Origin AuthenticationnounMWEThe process of verifying that the source of the data is as claimed and that the data has not been modified.Control
Data ownernounMWEThe individual(s), normally a manager or director, who has responsibility for the integrity, accurate reporting and use of computerized dataRole
data preparationnounMWEA process by which cardholder data is managed and processed by the vendor for subsequent use in the personalization process.Process
Data ProcessingnounMWE(computer science) a series of operations on data by a computer in order to retrieve or transform or classify informationverified
data processing servicenounMWEWork performed by an organization to fulfill a need for a customer or client regarding data processing.Capability
Data ProcessornounMWENatural or legal person which processes personal data on behalf of the controllerverified
Data ProxynounMWEData that are closely related to and serve in place of data that are either unobservable or immeasurable.Network
Data QualitynounMWEThe dimensions of the IMF definition of "data quality" are: - integrity; - methodological soundness; - accuracy and reliability; - serviceability; - accessibility. There are a number of prerequisites for quality. These comprise: - legal and institutional environment; - resources; - quality awareness.Metric
Data RatenounMWEthe rate at which circuits or other devices operate when handling digital informationverified
data recoverynounMWEThe purpose of this task is to restore data that has been damaged, lost, or corrupted.Process
Data replicationnounMWEThe process of copying data, usually with the objective of maintaining identical sets of data in separate locations. Two common data replication processes used for information systems are synchronous and asynchronous mirroring.Process
Data retentionnounMWERefers to the policies that govern data and records management for meeting internal, legal and regulatory data archival requirementsRequirementRegulated
Data SciencenounMWEInterdisciplinary science that uses statistics, algorithms, and other methods to extract meaningful and useful patterns from data sets—sometimes known as “big data.” Today, machine learning is often used in this field. Next to analysis of data, data science is also concerned with the capturing, preparation, and interpretation of data.Capability
Data ScientistnounMWEA practitioner who has sufficient knowledge in the overlapping regimes of business needs, domain knowledge, analytical skills, and software and systems engineering to manage the end-to-end data processes in the analytics life cycle.Role
Data SecuritynounMWEProtection of data from unauthorized (accidental or intentional) modification, destruction, or disclosure.Capability
Data SeedingnounMWEThe intentional introduction of initial state conditions, influencing factors, and outcomes (both successful and unsuccessful) in a data fabric to create sufficient machine learning analysis signals to enable encouragement/discouragement to enrich deterministic relationships between data elements in a given information domain.Process
data storage medianounMWEThe physical form of how data is stored (e.g. magnetic tape, CD-ROM, paper).PhysicalRegulated
Data StructurenounMWE(computer science) the organization of data (and its storage allocations in a computer)verified
Data synchronizationnounMWEThe comparison and reconciliation of interdependent data files at the same time so that they contain the same information.Process
Data SystemnounMWEsystem consisting of the network of all communication channels used within an organizationverified
Data TracknounMWE(computer science) one of the circular magnetic paths on a magnetic disk that serve as a guide for writing and reading dataverified
Data Transfer DevicenounMWEFill device designed to securely store, transport, and transfer electronically both COMSEC and TRANSEC key, designed to be backward compatible with the previous generation of COMSEC common fill devices, and programmable to support modern mission systems.PhysicalRegulatedCUI
Data WarehousingnounMWEData Warehousing is the consolidation of several previously independent databases into one location.System
Data WranglingnounMWEprocess by which the data required by an application is identified, extracted, cleaned and integrated, to yield a data set that is suitable for exploration and analysis.Process
Data-At-RestnounRefers to all data stored on hard drives, thumb drives, DVDs, CDs, floppy diskettes, and similar storage media. It excludes data that is traversing a network or temporarily residing in computer memory to be read or updated.DataRegulated
Data-DrivennounData-driven decision making (DDD) refers to the practice of basing decisions on the analysis of data rather than purely on intuition.Process
data-in-motionnounData being transferred between devices, such as data being sent from one application to another.Data
Database Management SystemnounMWEa software system that facilitates the creation and maintenance and use of an electronic databaseverified
DatagramnounRequest for Comment 1594 says, "a self-contained, independent entity of data carrying sufficient information to be routed from the source to the destination computer without reliance on earlier exchanges between this source and destination computer and the transporting network." The term has been generally replaced by the term packet. Datagrams or packets are the message units that the Internet Protocol deals with and that the Internet transports. A datagram or packet needs to be self-contained without reliance on earlier exchanges because there is no connection of fixed duration between the two communicating points as there is, for example, in most voice telephone conversations. (This kind of protocol is referred to as connectionless.)Data
Date of ReferencenounMWE(astronomy) an arbitrarily fixed date that is the point in time relative to which information (as coordinates of a celestial body) is recordedverified
Date PlumnounMWEan Asiatic persimmon tree cultivated for its small yellow or purplish-black edible fruit much valued by Afghan tribesverified
Date RapenounMWErape in which the rapist is known to the victim (as when they are on a date together)verified