Glossary · Nouns · E
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TermTypeDefinitionClassificationsUpdated
external auditornounMWEAn auditor who is independent of the legal entity whose financial statements they perform audits on.Role
External Auditory CanalnounMWEeither of the passages in the outer ear from the auricle to the tympanic membraneverified
External CarotidnounMWEthe branch of the carotid artery that supplies blood to the face and tongue and external parts of the headverified
External Carotid ArterynounMWEthe branch of the carotid artery that supplies blood to the face and tongue and external parts of the headverified
external communications trafficnounMWENetwork data flows—packets, sessions, and protocol exchanges—that cross an organizational boundary, moving between an internal network and an external one (typically the public internet or a third-party network). It is distinguished from purely internal traffic by its traversal of a managed interface such as a firewall, gateway, or proxy, where boundary-protection controls are applied: enforcing traffic-flow policies, blocking spoofed-source packets, filtering unauthorized protocols, and preventing cleartext transmission of sensitive data. In NIST SP 800-53 (SC-7), boundary protection is framed around monitoring and controlling communications at the external boundary through managed interfaces—gateways, routers, firewalls, and similar devices—that sit between internal organizational networks and external networks. NIST SP 800-171 (§ 3.13.1) uses the concept operationally, for example by restricting external web communications traffic to designated web servers and prohibiting traffic that appears to spoof internal addresses. CIS Control 12 (Boundary Defense) similarly directs organizations to control the flow of traffic through network borders using firewalls, proxies, DMZ perimeterNetworkRegulated
external connectionnounMWEA link between a system within the organizational boundaries and a secondary (or multiple) system(s) outside of the organizational boundaries.NetworkRegulated
external connectivitynounMWEA computer or network connection to an outside, uncontrolled network that is unprotected by perimeter security, e.g., a modem connection to a network computer.NetworkRegulated
External DrivenounMWEa drive with its own power supply and fan mounted outside the computer system enclosure and connected to the computer by a cableverified
External Iliac ArterynounMWEthe outer branch of the common iliac artery on either side of the bodyverified
external information systemnounMWEAn information system or component of an information system that is outside of the accreditation boundary established by the organization and for which the organization typically has no direct control over the application of required security controls or the assessment of security control effectiveness.SystemRegulated
External Information System or ComponentnounMWEAn information system or component of an information system that is outside of the authorization boundary established by the organization and for which the organization typically has no direct control over the application of required security controls or the assessment of security control effectiveness.SystemRegulated
External Information System ServicenounMWEAn information system service that is implemented outside of the authorization boundary of the organizational information system (i.e., a service that is used by, but not a part of, the organizational information system) and for which the organization typically has no direct control over the application of required security controls or the assessment of security control effectiveness.SystemRegulated
External Information System Service ProvidernounMWEA provider of external information system services to an organization through a variety of consumer-producer relationships, including but not limited to: joint ventures; business partnerships; outsourcing arrangements (i.e., through contracts, interagency agreements, lines of business arrangements); licensing agreements; and/or supply chain exchanges.OrganizationRegulated
External Jugular VeinnounMWEformed by the junction of the posterior auricular and the retromandibular veinsverified
External Maxillary ArterynounMWEan artery that originates in the external carotid and gives off branches that supply the neck and faceverified
External Nasal VeinnounMWEone of the veins that drain the external nose and empty into the angular or facial veinverified
External Oblique MusclenounMWEa diagonally arranged abdominal muscle on either side of the torsoverified
external requirementnounMWEAny law, contractual obligation, code of connection, service level agreement, or even international agreement.RequirementRegulated
external routable connectivitynounMWEThe ability to access a Bulk Electric System Cyber System from a Cyber Asset that is outside of its associated Electronic Security Perimeter via a bi-directional routable protocol connection.NetworkRegulated
External Security TestingnounMWESecurity testing conducted from outside the organization’s security perimeter.Process
external system (or component)nounMWEA system or component of a system that is outside of the authorization boundary established by the organization and for which the organization typically has no direct control over the application of required security controls or the assessment of security control effectiveness.SystemRegulated
external system servicenounMWEA system service that is implemented outside of the authorization boundary of the organizational system (i.e., a service that is used by but not a part of the organizational system) and for which the organization typically has no direct control over the application of required security controls or the assessment of security control effectiveness.SystemRegulated
external system service providernounMWEA provider of external system services to an organization through a variety of consumer-producer relationships, including joint ventures, business partnerships, outsourcing arrangements (i.e., through contracts, interagency agreements, lines of business arrangements), licensing agreements, and/or supply chain exchanges. [8]OrganizationRegulated
external usernounMWEUsers, other than entity personnel, who are authorized by entity management, customers, or other authorized persons to interact with the entity's information system.GroupRegulated
External ValiditynounMWEthe extent to which the results of research or testing can be generalized beyond the sample that generated them. The more specialized the sample, the less likely will it be that the results are highly generalizable to other individuals, situations, and time periods.Metric
External-Combustion EnginenounMWEa heat engine in which ignition occurs outside the chamber (cylinder or turbine) in which heat is converted to mechanical energyverified
Externalitynounthe quality or state of being outside or directed toward or relating to the outside or exteriorverified
Extinctionnouna conditioning process in which the reinforcer is removed and a conditioned response becomes independent of the conditioned stimulusverified
Extinction AnglenounMWEthe angle from its axis that a crystal must be rotated before appearing maximally dark when viewed in polarized lightverified
Extortionernouna criminal who extorts money from someone by threatening to expose embarrassing information about themverified
Extortionistnouna criminal who extorts money from someone by threatening to expose embarrassing information about themverified
Extra PointnounMWEin American football a point awarded for a successful place kick following a touchdownverified
Extracellular FluidnounMWEliquid containing proteins and electrolytes including the liquid in blood plasma and interstitial fluidverified
Extractionnounthe process of obtaining something from a mixture or compound by chemical or physical or mechanical meansverified
Extraction ResistancenounMWECapability of crypto-equipment or secure telecommunications equipment to resist efforts to extract key.ControlRegulated
Extractornouna mechanism in a firearm that pulls an empty shell case out of the chamber and passes it to the ejectorverified
Extracurricular ActivitynounMWEeducational activities not falling within the scope of the regular curriculumverified
Extraditionnounthe surrender of an accused or convicted person by one state or country to another (usually under the provisions of a statute or treaty)verified
Extramarital SexnounMWEsexual intercourse between individuals who are not married to one anotherverified
ExtranetnounA private network that uses Web technology, permitting the sharing of portions of an enterprise’s information or operations with suppliers, vendors, partners, customers, or other enterprises.Network
Extrapolationnounan inference about the future (or about some hypothetical situation) based on known facts and observationsverified
Extrasensory PerceptionnounMWEapparent power to perceive things that are not present to the sensesverified
Extrauterine GestationnounMWEpregnancy resulting from gestation elsewhere than in the uterusverified
Extrauterine PregnancynounMWEpregnancy resulting from gestation elsewhere than in the uterusverified
Extravagancenounthe quality of exceeding the appropriate limits of decorum or probability or truthverified
Extravagancynounthe quality of exceeding the appropriate limits of decorum or probability or truthverified
Extrinsic FraudnounMWEfraud that prevents a party from knowing their rights or from having a fair opportunity of presenting them at trialverified
Extropynounthe prediction that human intelligence and technology will enable life to expand in an orderly way throughout the entire universeverified