Glossary · Nouns · I
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TermTypeDefinitionClassificationsUpdated
Intravenous AnestheticnounMWEan anesthetic that produces anesthesia when injected into the circulatory systemverified
Intravenous DripnounMWEslow continuous drip introducing solutions intravenously (a drop at a time)verified
Intravenous PyelogramnounMWEX-ray picture of the kidneys and ureters after injection of a radiopaque dyeverified
Intravenous PyelographynounMWEperforming pyelography with intravenous injection of a contrast mediumverified
Intrinsic FactornounMWEa substance produced by the mucosa of the stomach and intestines that is essential for the absorption of vitamin B12verified
Intrinsic FraudnounMWEfraud (as by use of forged documents or false claims or perjury) that misleads a court or jury and induces a finding for the one perpetrating the fraudverified
introductionnounThe act of starting something for the first time; introducing something new.candidate
Introjectionnoun(psychology) unconscious internalization of aspects of the world (especially aspects of persons) within the self in such a way that the internalized representation takes over the psychological functions of the external objectsverified
IntrudernounIndividual or group gaining access to the network and it's resources without permissionThreat
Intrusion detectionnounMWETechniques that attempt to detect unauthorized entry or access into a computer or network by observation of actions, security logs, or audit data; detection of break-ins or attempts, either manually or via software expert systems that operate on logs or other information available on the network.Capability
intrusion detection and prevention mechanismnounMWEA control or capability — realized as software, hardware, or a combination — that monitors system or network activity to identify signs of unauthorized access or policy violation, and takes action to stop or limit detected threats. The phrase joins the well-established "intrusion detection" function (passive monitoring and alerting, as defined in NIST SP 800-94, which characterizes intrusion detection as monitoring events in a computer system or network and analyzing them for signs of possible incidents) with the prevention function (software that automates the monitoring of events in a computer system or network, analyzing them for signs of possible incidents, and attempting to stop detected possible incidents, per the NIST CSRC Glossary entry for IDPS). The phrase "intrusion detection and prevention mechanism" is compositional — it describes any implementation (tool, process, or control) that performs these two functions — whereas the established term of art in the field is "intrusion detection and prevention system (IDPS)," as codified by NIST SP 800-94, which covers IDPS technologies across four classes: network-based, wireless, network behavior analysis, and host-based.Control
Intrusion Detection and Prevention SystemnounMWESoftware that automates the process of monitoring the events occurring in a computer system or network and analyzing them for signs of possible incidents and attempting to stop detected possible incidents.Capability
intrusion detection parameternounMWEThis phrase is compositional rather than a term of art. "Intrusion detection" is a well-established field concept, and "parameter" is a generic technical word meaning a configurable value, threshold, or attribute; together they simply describe any measurable or configurable variable used within an intrusion detection context — such as a threshold, signature attribute, or detection rule value. In technical and patent usage, "intrusion parameters" refer to the set of criteria or values against which detected events are compared to determine whether an intrusion event has occurred, with those parameters defining which activity corresponds to which unusual or intrusion event. No authoritative standards body (NIST, ISO, AICPA, CIS) assigns this two-word phrase a specialized definition distinct from its component words.verified
Intrusion detection systemnounMWEInspects network and host security activity to identify suspicious patterns that may indicate a network or system attackCapability
Intrusion detection system (IDS)nounMWESoftware or hardware product that detects and logs inappropriate, incorrect, or anomalous activity. It gathers and analyzes information from various areas within a computer or a network to identify possible security breaches, which include both intrusions (attacks from outside the organizations) and misuse (attacks from within the organizations). IDS are typically characterized based on the source of the data they monitor: host or network. A host-based IDS uses system log files and other electronic audit data to identify suspicious activity. A network-based IDS uses a sensor to monitor packets on the network to which it is attached.Capability
Intrusion preventionnounMWEA preemptive approach to network security used to identify potential threats and respond to them to stop, or at least limit, damage or disruptionCapability
Intrusion prevention systemnounMWESystem(s) which can detect an intrusive activity and can also attempt to stop the activity, ideally before it reaches its targets.System
Intrusion prevention systems (IPS)nounMWEA system that can detect an intrusive activity and can also attempt to stop the activity, ideally before it reaches its target.System
Intumescencenounthe increase in volume of certain substances when they are heated (often accompanied by release of water)verified
Intumescencynounthe increase in volume of certain substances when they are heated, often accompanied by release of waterverified
Intussusceptionnoun(biology) growth in the surface area of a cell by the deposit of new particles between existing particles in the cell wallverified
Invaliditynounillogicality as a consequence of having a conclusion that does not follow from the premissesverified
Invalidnessnounillogicality as a consequence of having a conclusion that does not follow from the premissesverified
Invariancenounthe nature of a quantity or property or function that remains unchanged when a given transformation is applied to itverified
Invasionnoun(pathology) the spread of pathogenic microorganisms or malignant cells to new sites in the bodyverified
Invasion of IwonounMWEa bloody and prolonged operation on the island of Iwo Jima in which American marines landed and defeated Japanese defenders (February and March 1945)verified
Invasion of PrivacynounMWEthe wrongful intrusion by individuals or the government into private affairs with which the public has no concernverified
Invectivenounabusive or venomous language used to express blame or censure or bitter deep-seated ill willverified
Inventionnouna creation, either a new device or process, resulting from study and experimentationverified
Inventory ControlnounMWEsupervision of the supply and storage and accessibility of items in order to insure an adequate supply without excessive oversupplyverified
Inverse CiphernounMWESeries of transformations that converts ciphertext to plaintext using the Cipher Key.Capability
Inverse FunctionnounMWEa function obtained by expressing the dependent variable of one function as the independent variable of anotherverified
Inversionnounabnormal condition in which an organ is turned inward or inside out (as when the upper part of the uterus is pulled into the cervical canal after childbirth)verified
Invert SoapnounMWEa class of synthetic detergents in which the surface-active part of the molecule is the cationverified
Invert SugarnounMWEa mixture of equal parts of glucose and fructose resulting from the hydrolysis of sucroseverified
InvestigatenounTo carry out a formal or systematic inquiry to discover and examine the facts of an event, incident, etc. in order to establish the truth.Process
investigationnounThe purpose of this task is to discover and examine the facts of an incident or allegation to establish the truth.Process
Investmentnounthe commitment of something other than money (time, energy, or effort) to a project with the expectation of some worthwhile resultverified
Investment CompanynounMWEa financial institution that sells shares to individuals and invests in securities issued by other companiesverified
Investment FirmnounMWEa financial institution that sells shares to individuals and invests in securities issued by other companiesverified
Investment LetternounMWEa letter of intent saying that a letter security is being bought for investment and not for resaleverified