Glossary · Nouns · O
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TermTypeDefinitionClassificationsUpdated
Oologynounthe branch of zoology that studies eggs (especially birds' eggs and their size, shape, coloration, and number)verified
Oophorosalpingectomynounsurgical removal of one or both ovaries and the corresponding Fallopian tubesverified
Oosporenouna thick-walled sexual spore that develops from a fertilized oosphere in some algae and fungiverified
Ooze LeathernounMWEa very soft leather made from the skins of calves and having a suede finish on the flesh sideverified
OpacitynounThe nature of some AI techniques whereby the inferential operations are complex, hidden, or otherwise opaque to their developers and end users in terms of providing an understanding of how classifications, recommendations, or actions are generated and what overall performance will be.Vulnerability
Opahnounlarge elliptical brightly colored deep-sea fish of Atlantic and Pacific and Mediterraneanverified
Opalescencenounthe visual property of something having a milky brightness and a play of colors from the surfaceverified
Open Checklist Interactive LanguagenounMWESCAP language for expressing security checks that cannot be evaluated without some human interaction or feedback.Framework
Open FireplacenounMWEan open recess in a wall at the base of a chimney where a fire can be builtverified
Open market operationsnounMWEThe buying and selling of government securities in the open market in order to expand or contract the amount of money in the banking system.Process
Open MarriagenounMWEa marriage in which each partner is free to enter into extraneous sexual relationships without guilt or jealousy from the otherverified
Open OrdernounMWEa military formation leaving enough space between ranks to allow an inspecting officer to passverified
Open PrimarynounMWEa primary in which any registered voter can vote (but must vote for candidates of only one party)verified
Open ShopnounMWEa company whose workers are hired without regard to their membership in a labor unionverified
Open Shortest Path FirstnounMWEOpen Shortest Path First is a link state routing algorithm used in interior gateway routing. Routers maintain a database of all routers in the autonomous system with links between the routers, link costs, and link states (up and down).Network
Open SocietynounMWEa society that allows its members considerable freedom (as in a democracy)verified
Open StoragenounMWEAny storage of classified national security information outside of approved containers. This includes classified information that is resident on information systems media and outside of an approved storage container, regardless of whether or not that media is in use (i.e., unattended operations).FindingRegulatedCUI
Open Systems InterconnectnounMWEA model for the design of a network. The open systems interconnect (OSI) model defines groups of functionality required to network computers into layers. Each layer implements a standard protocol to implement its functionality. There are seven layers in the OSI model.Framework
Open Systems InterconnectionnounMWEOSI (Open Systems Interconnection) is a standard description or "reference model" for how messages should be transmitted between any two points in a telecommunication network. Its purpose is to guide product implementers so that their products will consistently work with other products. The reference model defines seven layers of functions that take place at each end of a communication. Although OSI is not always strictly adhered to in terms of keeping related functions together in a well-defined layer, many if not most products involved in telecommunication make an attempt to describe themselves in relation to the OSI model. It is also valuable as a single reference view of communication that furnishes everyone a common ground for education and discussion.Framework
Open Vulnerability and Assessment LanguagenounMWESCAP language for specifying low-level testing procedures used by checklists.Vulnerability
Open WeavenounMWEa weave in which warp threads never come together, leaving interstices in the fabricverified
Open Web Application Security ProjectnounMWEAn open community dedicated to enabling organizations to conceive, develop, acquire, operate, and maintain applications that can be trustedOrganization
Open-End CreditnounMWEa consumer credit line that can be used up to a certain limit or paid down at any timeverified
Open-End FundnounMWEa regulated investment company with a pool of assets that regularly sells and redeems its sharesverified
Open-End Investment CompanynounMWEa regulated investment company with a pool of assets that regularly sells and redeems its sharesverified
Open-End WrenchnounMWEa wrench having parallel jaws at fixed separation (often on both ends of the handle)verified
Open-Heart SurgerynounMWEheart surgery in which the rib cage is spread open, the heart is stopped and blood is detoured through a heart-lung machine while a heart valve or coronary artery is surgically repairedverified
Open-Hearth FurnacenounMWEa furnace for making steel in which the steel is placed on a shallow hearth and flames of burning gas and hot air play over itverified
Openbillnounstork with a grooved bill whose upper and lower parts touch only at the base and tipverified
Opennessnouncharacterized by an attitude of ready accessibility (especially about one's actions or purposes)verified
Openworknounornamental work, such as embroidery or latticework, having a pattern of openingsverified
Operant ConditioningnounMWEconditioning in which an operant response is brought under stimulus control by virtue of presenting reinforcement contingent upon the occurrence of the operant responseverified
Operate & MaintainnounMWEA NICE Workforce Framework category consisting of specialty areas responsible for providing the support, administration, and maintenance necessary to ensure effective and efficient IT system performance and security.Process
Operating BudgetnounMWEa budget for current expenses as distinct from financial transactions or permanent improvementsverified
Operating CapitalnounMWEcapital available for the operations of a firm (e.g. manufacturing or transportation) as distinct from financial transactions and long-term improvementsverified
Operating CostnounMWEthe expense of maintaining property, including things such as paying property taxes, utilities and insuranceverified
Operating ExpensenounMWEthe expense of maintaining property (e.g., paying property taxes and utilities and insurance)verified
Operating InstructionsnounMWEa manual usually accompanying a technical device and explaining how to install or operate itverified
Operating MicroscopenounMWEbinocular microscope used in surgery to provide a clear view of small and inaccessible parts of the body (as in microsurgery)verified
Operating ProcedurenounMWEa procedure for operating something or for dealing with a given situationverified
Operating RoomnounMWEa room in a hospital equipped for the performance of surgical operationsverified
operating statenounMWEDistinct operating modes (which typically include specific Information Technology and Operations Technology configurations as well as alternate or modified procedures) that have been designed and implemented for the function and can be invoked by a manual or automated process in response to an event, a changing risk environment, or other sensory and awareness data to provide greater safety, resiliency, reliability, and/or cybersecurity. For example, a shift from the normal state of operation to a high-security operating mode may be invoked in response to a declared cybersecurity incident of sufficient severity. The high-security operating state may trade off efficiency and ease of use in favor of increased security by blocking remote access and requiring a higher level of authentication and authorization for certain commands until a return to the normal state of operation is deemed safe.Process
Operating StatementnounMWEa financial statement that gives operating results for a specific periodverified
Operating systemnounMWEThe software 'master control application' that runs the computer. It is the first program loaded when the computer is turned on, and its principal component, the kernel, resides in memory at all times. The OS sets the standards for all application programs (such as the mail server) that run in the computer. The applications communicate with the OS for most user interface and file management operations.System