access control function

A mechanism — whether implemented in software, hardware, or policy — that performs the decision-making and enforcement steps by which a system determines whether a subject (user, process, or device) is permitted to perform a requested action on a protected resource. In the security administration model, there is a security administration function for specifying the authorization database that acts as an input to the access control function, making it the runtime enforcement component that consumes policy and produces permit/deny decisions. One statutory definition (Japan's Unauthorized Computer Access Law, as rendered on Law Insider) frames it as a function added to a computer that automatically controls a specific use and removes restrictions on that use after confirming the input identification code is valid — a narrow but formally defined instantiation of the broader concept. Across the field the phrase is used descriptively rather than as a single standardized term: NIST and FIPS define the overarching activity as "the process of granting or denying specific requests to obtain and use information and related information processing services", with "access control function" simpl

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