individuals requiring separation

** A classification of personnel whose assigned roles, functions, or privileges must be distributed across distinct people or accounts so that no single person can exercise end-to-end control over a sensitive process. The distinguishing characteristic is that the conflict or risk arises from the *combination* of duties — initiating, approving, implementing, and auditing a transaction or access decision — not from any one duty in isolation; it is the overlap that creates the exposure. In compliance and access-control practice, identifying this population is the prerequisite step before system access authorizations can be designed: once the conflicting duties are named, the organization grants the corresponding privileges to separate individuals and enforces the split through role-based or attribute-based controls. **VERDICT:** COMPOSITIONAL The phrase is not a defined term of art with its own glossary entry; it is a precise but compositional description used as an assessment-objective label in NIST SP 800-171A Revision 3 (objective A.03.01.04.a), referring naturally to the set of persons whose job duties fall under the separation-of-duties principle (NIST SP 800-171 control 3.1.4

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