Glossary · Nouns · A
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TermTypeDefinitionClassificationsUpdated
Activismnouna policy of taking direct and militant action to achieve a political or social goalverified
activitynounActivities are the major tasks performed by the organization to accomplish each of its functions. Activities are usually defined as part of processes or plans, and are documented in procedures. Several activities may be associated with each function. An activity is identified by the name it is given and its scope (or definition). The scope of the activity encompasses all of the transactions that take place in relation to it. Depending on the nature of the transactions involved, an activity may be performed in relation to one function, or it may be performed in relation to many functions. In cost accounting, an activity is the actual work task or step performed in producing and delivering products and services. An aggregation of activities performed within an organization that is useful for purposes of activity-based costing.Process
Activity MonitorsnounMWEActivity monitors aim to prevent virus infection by monitoring for malicious activity on a system, and blocking that activity when possible.Capability
activity reportingnounMWEThe action of providing an description of an account holder's activity.ArtifactRegulatedPII
Actual DamagesnounMWE(law) compensation for losses that can readily be proven to have occurred and for which the injured party has the right to be compensatedverified
Actuarynounsomeone versed in the collection and interpretation of numerical data (especially someone who uses statistics to calculate insurance premiums)verified
Acupressurenountreatment of symptoms by applying pressure with the fingers to specific pressure points on the bodyverified
Acupuncturenountreatment of pain or disease by inserting the tips of needles at specific points on the skinverified
Acute Anterior PoliomyelitisnounMWEan acute viral disease marked by inflammation of nerve cells of the brain stem and spinal cordverified
Acute Brain DisordernounMWEany disorder (as sudden confusion or disorientation) in an otherwise normal person that is due to reversible (temporary) impairment of brain tissues (as by head injuries or drugs or infection)verified
Acute GlossitisnounMWEglossitis resulting from injury or infection and characterized by swelling and painverified
Acute Hemorrhagic EncephalitisnounMWEencephalitis that resembles apoplexy due to blood extravasationverified
Acute Inclusion Body EncephalitisnounMWEcommon form of acute encephalitis caused by herpes simplex 1verified
Acute Kidney FailurenounMWErenal failure associated with burns or other trauma or with acute infection or obstruction of the urinary tractverified
Acute Lymphoblastic LeukemianounMWEacute leukemia characterized by proliferation of immature lymphoblast-like cells in bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen, and bloodverified
Acute Lymphocytic LeukemianounMWEacute leukemia characterized by proliferation of immature lymphoblast-like cells in bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen, and bloodverified
Acute Myelocytic LeukemianounMWEacute leukemia characterized by proliferation of granular leukocytesverified
Acute Myeloid LeukemianounMWEacute leukemia characterized by proliferation of granular leukocytesverified
Acute Organic Brain SyndromenounMWEany disorder (as sudden confusion or disorientation) in an otherwise normal person that is due to reversible (temporary) impairment of brain tissues (as by head injuries or drugs or infection)verified
Acute Renal FailurenounMWErenal failure associated with burns or other trauma or with acute infection or obstruction of the urinary tractverified
Acute Schizophrenic EpisodenounMWEschizophrenia of abrupt onset and relatively short duration (a few weeks or months)verified
Acylglycerolnounan ester of glycerol and fatty acids that occurs naturally as fats and fatty oilsverified
Ad AgencynounMWEan agency that designs advertisement to call public attention to its clientsverified
Ad Hoc NetworknounMWEA wireless network that dynamically connects wireless client devices to each other without the use of an infrastructure device, such as an access point or a base station.Network
Ad Valorem TaxnounMWEa tax levied on the difference between a commodity's price before taxes and its cost of productionverified
Adagenouna condensed but memorable saying embodying some important fact of experience that is taken as true by many peopleverified
Adams-Stokes SyndromenounMWErecurrent sudden attacks of unconsciousness caused by impaired conduction of the impulse that regulates the heartbeatverified
Adaptationnoun(physiology) the responsive adjustment of a sense organ (as the eye) to varying conditions (as of light)verified
Adapternoundevice that enables something to be used in a way different from that for which it was intended or makes different pieces of apparatus compatibleverified
Adaptive Dynamic ProgrammingnounMWEA means of learning a model and a reward function from observations that then uses value or policy iteration to obtain the utilities or an optimal policy; makes optimal use of the local constraints on utilities of states imposed through the neighborhood structure of the environment.System
Adaptive LearningnounMWEUpdating predictive models online during their operation to react to concept driftsProcess
Adaptive RadiationnounMWEthe development of many different forms from an originally homogeneous group of organisms as they fill different ecological nichesverified
Adaptornoundevice that enables something to be used in a way different from that for which it was intended or makes different pieces of apparatus compatibleverified
Add-Innouna printed circuit that can be inserted into expansion slots in a computer to increase the computer's capabilitiesverified
Add-on SecuritynounMWEIncorporation of new hardware, software, or firmware safeguards in an operational information system.Control
Adder's FernnounMWEmat-forming lithophytic or terrestrial fern with creeping rootstocks and large pinnatifid fronds found throughout North America and Europe and Africa and east Asiaverified
Addictionnoun(Roman law) a formal award by a magistrate of a thing or person to another person (as the award of a debtor to his creditor)verified