Glossary · Nouns · N
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TermTypeDefinitionClassificationsUpdated
Nervii OlfactoriinounMWEa collective term for numerous olfactory filaments in the nasal mucosaverified
Nervous SystemnounMWEthe sensory and control apparatus consisting of a network of nerve cellsverified
Nervurenounany of the vascular bundles or ribs that form the branching framework of conducting and supporting tissues in a leaf or other plant organverified
Nervus FemoralisnounMWEone of a pair of nerves that originate from lumbar nerves and supply the muscles and skin of the anterior part of the thighverified
Nervus IschiadicusnounMWEarises from the sacral plexus and passes about halfway down the thigh where it divides into the common peroneal and tibial nervesverified
Nervus PhrenicusnounMWEone of a pair of nerves that arises from cervical spinal roots and passes down the thorax to innervate the diaphragm and control breathingverified
Nervus SaphenusnounMWEa branch of the femoral nerve that supplies cutaneous branches to the inner aspect of the leg and footverified
Nervus SpinalisnounMWEany of the 31 pairs of nerves emerging from each side of the spinal cord (each attached to the cord by two roots: ventral and dorsal)verified
Nervus TrigeminusnounMWEthe main sensory nerve of the face and motor nerve for the muscles of masticationverified
Nervus UlnarisnounMWEa nerve running along the inner side of the arm and passing near the elbowverified
Nervus VagusnounMWEa mixed nerve that supplies the pharynx and larynx and lungs and heart and esophagus and stomach and most of the abdominal visceraverified
Nervus VestibulocochlearisnounMWEa composite sensory nerve supplying the hair cells of the vestibular organ and the hair cells of the cochleaverified
Nest EggnounMWEdevice consisting of an artificial egg left in a nest to induce hens to lay their eggs in itverified
Nesternounsomeone who settles lawfully on government land with the intent to acquire title to itverified
Net debit capnounMWEThe maximum dollar amount of uncollateralized daylight overdrafts that an institution is authorized to incur in its Federal Reserve account. The net debit cap is generally equal to an institution's capital times the cap multiple for its cap category.RequirementRegulated
Net EstatenounMWEthe estate remaining after debts and funeral expenses and administrative expenses have been deducted from the gross estateverified
Net IncomenounMWEthe excess of revenues over outlays in a given period of time (including depreciation and other non-cash expenses)verified
Net MelonnounMWEa muskmelon vine with fruit that has a thin reticulated rind and sweet green fleshverified
Net ProfitnounMWEthe excess of revenues over outlays in a given period of time (including depreciation and other non-cash expenses)verified
Net SalesnounMWEgross sales reduced by customer discounts, returns, freight out, and allowancesverified
Net-centric ArchitecturenounMWEA complex system of systems composed of subsystems and services that are part of a continuously evolving, complex community of people, devices, information and services interconnected by a network that enhances information sharing and collaboration. Subsystems and services may or may not be developed or owned by the same entity, and, in general, will not be continually present during the full life cycle of the system of systems. Examples of this architecture include service-oriented architectures and cloud computing architectures.System
Netkeepernounthe defensive position on an ice hockey or soccer or lacrosse team who stands in front of the goal and tries to prevent opposing players from scoringverified
Netmasknoun32-bit number indicating the range of IP addresses residing on a single IP network/subnet/supernet. This specification displays network masks as hexadecimal numbers. For example, the network mask for a class C IP network is displayed as 0xffffff00. Such a mask is often displayed elsewhere in the literature as 255.255.255.0.Network
Netted MelonnounMWEa muskmelon vine with fruit that has a thin reticulated rind and sweet green fleshverified
Nettle FamilynounMWEa family of plants of order Urticales including many nettles with stinging hairsverified
Nettle RashnounMWEan itchy skin eruption characterized by weals with pale interiors and well-defined red marginsverified
Nettle TreenounMWEany of various trees of the genus Celtis having inconspicuous flowers and small berrylike fruitsverified
Nettle-Leaved BellflowernounMWEEuropean bellflower with blue-purple to lilac flowers formerly used to treat sore throatverified
networknounInformation system(s) implemented with a collection of interconnected components. Such components may include routers, hubs, cabling, telecommunications controllers, key distribution centers, and technical control devices.Network
Network AccessnounMWEAccess to an organizational information system by a user (or a process acting on behalf of a user) communicating through a network (e.g., local area network, wide area network, Internet).Capability
Network Access ControlnounMWEA feature provided by some firewalls that allows access based on a user’s credentials and the results of health checks performed on the telework client device.Control
network activity baselinenounMWEEstablishing a trusted baseline document involves identifying the following: - network data points of interest - length of the baseline data collection period - methods and tools used to collect and store data Suggested network data points of interest include the following: - a list of predetermined devices a given workstation or server should communicate with - VPN usage, including access times, bandwidth and resources used, source IP addresses, and geolocation information - the known set of ports and protocols in use by the network - firewall and intrusion detection system logs - normal traffic patterns and flows.ArtifactInternalCUI
Network address translationnounMWEA routing technology used by many firewalls to hide internal system addresses from an external network through use of an addressing schema.Network
Network administratornounMWEThe individual responsible for the installation, management, and control of a network.Role
Network ArchitecturenounMWEspecification of design principles (including data formats and procedures) for creating a network configuration of data processorsverified
Network attached storage (NAS)nounMWENAS systems usually contain one or more hard disks that are arranged into logical, redundant storage containers much like traditional file servers. NAS provides readily available storage resources and helps alleviate the bottlenecks associated with access to storage devices.System
Network basic input/output systemnounMWEA program that allows applications on different computers to communicate within a local area network (LAN).Network
network diagramnounMWEA description of any kind of locality in terms of its physical layout. In the context of communication networks, a topology describes pictorially the configuration or arrangement of a network, including its nodes and connecting communication lines.ArtifactConfidential
Network Front-EndnounMWEDevice implementing protocols that allow attachment of a computer system to a network.Network
network integritynounMWEThe state of a computer network where it is performing its intended functions without being degraded or impaired by changes or disruptions in its internal or external environments. A network is functioning properly when several things occur: applications and client get enough network availability, applications and clients get proper bandwidth, network security does its job during both peacetime and attack, and network management has complete control of the entire network.Metric
Network interface cardnounMWEA communication card that when inserted into a computer, allows it to communicate with other computers on a network Scope Note: Most NICs are designed for a particular type of network or protocol.Physical
Network news transfer protocolnounMWEUsed for the distribution, inquiry, retrieval, and posting of Netnews articles using a reliable stream-based mechanism. For news-reading clients, NNTP enables retrieval of news articles that are stored in a central database, giving subscribers the ability to select only those articles they wish to read. (RFC 3977)Network
network portnounMWEA network port is a process-specific or an application-specific software construct serving as a communication endpoint, which is used by the Transport Layer protocols of Internet Protocol suite, such as User Diagram Protocol (UDP) and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP).NetworkRegulated
network resiliencenounMWEA computing infrastructure that provides continuous business operation (i.e., highly resistant to disruption and able to operate in a degraded mode if damaged), rapid recovery if failure does occur, and the ability to scale to meet rapid or unpredictable demands.Capability
network securitynounMWEThe protection of computer networks and their services from unauthorized entry, modification, destruction, or disclosure, and provision of assurance that the network performs its critical functions correctly and that there are no harmful side effects. Network security includes providing for data integrity.Capability
Network segmentationnounMWEA common technique to implement network security is to segment an organization’s network into separate zones that can be separately controlled, monitored and protected.Control
network segregationnounMWEDeveloping and enforcing a ruleset controlling which computing devices are permitted to communicate with which other computing devices.Control
Network ServicesnounMWEIn the NICE Workforce Framework, cybersecurity work where a person: Installs, configures, tests, operates, maintains, and manages networks and their firewalls, including hardware (e.g., hubs, bridges, switches, multiplexers, routers, cables, proxy servers, and protective distributor systems) and software that permit the sharing and transmission of all spectrum transmissions of information to support the security of information and information systems.Capability
Network SniffingnounMWEA passive technique that monitors network communication, decodes protocols, and examines headers and payloads for information of interest. It is both a review technique and a target identification and analysis technique.Threat
Network SponsornounMWEIndividual or organization responsible for stating the security policy enforced by the network, designing the network security architecture to properly enforce that policy, and ensuring that the network is implemented in such a way that the policy is enforced.Role
Network SystemnounMWESystem implemented with a collection of interconnected components. A network system is based on a coherent security architecture and design.System
Network TapsnounMWENetwork taps are hardware devices that hook directly onto the network cable and send a copy of the traffic that passes through it to one or more other networked devices.Physical
Network traffic analysisnounMWEIdentifies patterns in network communications Scope Note: Traffic analysis does not need to have the actual content of the communication but analyzes where traffic is taking place, when and for how long communications occur and the size of information transferred.Capability
Network WeavingnounMWEPenetration technique in which different communication networks are linked to access an information system to avoid detection and trace-back.Threat
Network-Based IDSnounMWEA network-based IDS system monitors the traffic on its network segment as a data source. This is generally accomplished by placing the network interface card in promiscuous mode to capture all network traffic that crosses its network segment. Network traffic on other segments, and traffic on other means of communication (like phone lines) can't be monitored. Network-based IDS involves looking at the packets on the network as they pass by some sensor. The sensor can only see the packets that happen to be carried on the network segment it's attached to. Packets are considered to be of interest if they match a signature.Network-based intrusion detection passively monitors network activity for indications of attacks. Network monitoring offers several advantages over traditional host-based intrusion detection systems. Because many intrusions occur over networks at some point, and because networks are increasingly becoming the targets of attack, these techniques are an excellent method of detecting many attacks which may be missed by host-based intrusion detection mechanisms.Capability
Network-Based Intrusion Detection SystemsnounMWEIDSs which detect attacks by capturing and analyzing network packets. Listening on a network segment or switch, one network-based IDS can monitor the network traffic affecting multiple hosts that are connected to the network segment.Capability
Neural ArchnounMWEa structure arising dorsally from a vertebral centrum and enclosing the spinal cordverified
Neural NetnounMWEcomputer architecture in which processors are connected in a manner suggestive of connections between neuronsverified
Neural NetworknounMWEA model that, taking inspiration from the brain, is composed of layers (at least one of which is hidden) consisting of simple connected units or neurons followed by nonlinearitiesCapability
Neural TubenounMWEa tube of ectodermal tissue in the embryo from which the brain and spinal cord developverified