Glossary · Nouns · S
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TermTypeDefinitionClassificationsUpdated
super user accountnounMWEA privileged user account — one class of which is specifically designated for system administration — that carries elevated or unrestricted rights across files, directories, commands, and system-wide configuration, beyond what ordinary users are authorized to perform. In practice, system administrators use privileged "super user" accounts to manage information technology assets; despite being described as the "keys to the kingdom," these accounts rarely receive direct oversight or technical control of how they are used. Because such an account is capable of making unrestricted, potentially adverse, system-wide changes, the principle of least privilege recommends that most users and applications run under ordinary accounts for their normal work. The field uses the expression as a broad label for the highest-privilege account class — covering OS root/administrator accounts, application-level all-access accounts, and administratively scoped super-user roles — and treats controlling, auditing, and restricting such accounts as a core privileged access management (PAM) concern.IdentityRestricted
Superannuationnounthe act of discharging someone because of age (especially to cause someone to retire from service on a pension)verified
Superannuation FundnounMWEa fund reserved to pay workers' pensions when they retire from serviceverified
Superbugnouna strain of pest accidentally imported into Florida from the Middle East then spread to California where it is a very serious pest feeding on almost all vegetable crops and poinsettiasverified
Supercargonounan officer on a merchant ship in charge of the cargo and its sale and purchaseverified
Superchargernouncompressor that forces increased oxygen into the cylinders of an internal-combustion engineverified
Superciliousnessnounthe trait of displaying arrogance by patronizing those considered inferiorverified
Superclass AgnathanounMWEsuperclass of eel-shaped chordates lacking jaws and pelvic fins: lampreysverified
Superclass MyriapodanounMWEused in some classifications to encompass the millipedes (Diplopoda) and centipedes (Chilopoda)verified
Supercomputernouna mainframe computer that is one of the most powerful available at a given timeverified
SuperencryptionnounProcess of encrypting encrypted information. Occurs when a message, encrypted off-line, is transmitted over a secured, online circuit, or when information encrypted by the originator is multiplexed onto a communications trunk, which is then bulk encrypted.ProcessRegulatedCUI
Superfamily MuroideanounMWEa superfamily of rodents essentially equal to the suborder Myomorpha but with the Dipodidae excludedverified
Superfamily TyrannidaenounMWENew World tyrant flycatchers most numerous in Central America and South America but also in the United States and Canadaverified
Superfecundationnounfertilization of two or more ova released during the same menstrual cycle by sperm from separate acts of coitus (especially by different males)verified
Superficial Middle Cerebral VeinnounMWEa large vein along the line of the Sylvian fissure to the cavernous sinusverified
Superficial Temporal VeinnounMWEjoin the middle temporal vein to empty into the retromandibular veinverified
Superhetnouna radio receiver that combines a locally generated frequency with the carrier frequency to produce a supersonic signal that is demodulated and amplifiedverified
Superheterodyne ReceivernounMWEa radio receiver that combines a locally generated frequency with the carrier frequency to produce a supersonic signal that is demodulated and amplifiedverified
Superhighwaynounan extensive electronic network (such as the internet) used for the rapid transfer of sound and video and graphics in digital formverified
Superintendencenounmanagement by overseeing the performance or operation of a person or groupverified
Superior Cerebral VeinnounMWEa cerebral vein that drains the dorsal convexity of the cerebral hemisphere and empties into the cavernous sinusverified
Superior Certification AuthoritynounMWEIn a hierarchical PKI, a Certification Authority who has certified the certificate signature key of another CA, and who constrains the activities of that CA.SystemRestrictedCUI
Superior ColliculusnounMWEan essential visual center between the retina and the striate cortexverified
Superior ConjunctionnounMWE(astronomy) the alignment of the Earth and a planet on the opposite side of the sunverified
Superior Labial ArterynounMWEan artery that is a branch of the facial artery that supplies the upper lipverified
Superior Mesenteric ArterynounMWEoriginates from the upper part of the aorta that supplies the small intestines and the cecum and the colonverified
Superior Ophthalmic VeinnounMWEa vein that begins at the inner angle of the eye socket and passes through the superior orbital fissure to empty into the cavernous sinusverified
Superior Pulmonary VeinnounMWEeither of two pulmonary veins (left and right) returning blood from the superior lobes of the lungsverified
Superior RectusnounMWEthe ocular muscle whose contraction turns the eyeball upward and mediallyverified
Superior Rectus MusclenounMWEthe ocular muscle whose contraction turns the eyeball upward and mediallyverified
Superior Thalamostriate VeinnounMWEa long vein that helps to form the internal cerebral veinverified
Superior Thyroid VeinnounMWEa vein on each side that drains the upper part of the thyroid and empties into the internal jugular veinverified
Superior Vena CavanounMWEreceives blood from the head and arms and chest and empties into the right atrium of the heartverified
Superior Vocal CordnounMWEeither of the upper two vocal cords that are not involved in vocalizationverified
Supermarketnouna large self-service grocery store selling groceries and dairy products and household goodsverified
Supermomnounan informal term for a mother who can combine childcare and full-time employmentverified
Supernatural BeingnounMWEan incorporeal being believed to have powers to affect the course of human eventsverified
Supernatural VirtuenounMWEaccording to Christian ethics: one of the three virtues (faith, hope, and charity) created by God to round out the natural virtuesverified
Supernaturalismnounthe quality of being attributed to power that seems to violate or go beyond natural forcesverified
Supernaturalnessnounthe quality of being attributed to power that seems to violate or go beyond natural forcesverified
Superordernoun(biology) a taxonomic group ranking above an order and below a class or subclassverified
Superorder LabyrinthodontanounMWEextinct amphibians typically resembling heavy-bodied salamanders or crocodiles and having a solid flattened skull and conical teethverified
Superorder LabyrinthodontianounMWEextinct amphibians typically resembling heavy-bodied salamanders or crocodiles and having a solid flattened skull and conical teethverified
Superorder MalacopterygiinounMWEan extensive group of teleost fishes having fins supported by flexible cartilaginous raysverified
Superordinationnounthe semantic relation of being superordinate or belonging to a higher rank or classverified