Glossary · Nouns · S
L1 — paginated flat list. Pick a POS, pick a letter.
TermTypeDefinitionClassificationsUpdated
Superoxide DismutasenounMWEan enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of superoxide into hydrogen peroxide and oxygenverified
Superphylumnoun(biology) a taxonomic group ranking between a phylum and below a class or subclassverified
Superpositionnoun(geometry) the placement of one object ideally in the position of another one in order to show that the two coincideverified
Superposition PrinciplenounMWE(geology) the principle that in a series of stratified sedimentary rocks the lowest stratum is the oldestverified
Supersedurenounact of replacing one person or thing by another especially one held to be superiorverified
SupersessionnounScheduled or unscheduled replacement of COMSEC material with a different edition.Process
Superslashernounlarge (20-ft) and swift carnivorous dinosaur having an upright slashing claw 15 inches long on each hind footverified
Superstratenounthe language of a later invading people that is imposed on an indigenous population and contributes features to their languageverified
Superstratumnounthe language of a later invading people that is imposed on an indigenous population and contributes features to their languageverified
Superstringnouna hypothetical particle that is the elementary particle in a theory of space-timeverified
Supertitlenountranslation of the words of a foreign opera (or choral work) projected on a screen above the stageverified
Supervised LearningnounMWEFor a computer to process a set of data whose attributes have been divided into two groups and derive a relationship between the values of one and the values of the other. These two groups are sometimes called predictor and targets, respectively. In statistical terminology, they are called independent and dependent variables. Respectively. The learning Is "supervised because the distinction between the predictors and the target variables is chosen by the investigator or some other outside agency.Capability
Supervisor Call InstructionnounMWEan instruction that interrupts the program being executed and passes control to the supervisorverified
supervisory agencynounMWEThis role focuses on the examination or auditing of financial records of financial institutions. Any state authority that is required by law to examine or audit financial records should be assigned to this role.OrganizationRegulated
Supervisory control and data acquisitionnounMWEA generic name for a computerized system that is capable of gathering and processing data and applying operational controls over long distances. Typical uses include power transmission and distribution and pipeline systems. SCADA was designed for the unique communication challenges (delays, data integrity, etc.) posed by the various media that must be used, such as phone lines, microwave, and satellite. Usually shared rather than dedicated.SystemRegulatedCUI
Supervisory SoftwarenounMWEspecialized programs that reside permanently in the computer's main memory and control the processing of user's programsverified
Supplementary BenefitnounMWEbenefits paid to bring incomes up to minimum levels established by lawverified
Supplementation Assessment ProceduresnounMWEThe process of adding assessment procedures or assessment details to assessment procedures in order to adequately meet the organization’s risk management needs.Process
Supplementation Security ControlsnounMWEThe process of adding security controls or control enhancements to a security control baseline from NIST Special Publication 800-53 or CNSS Instruction 1253 in order to adequately meet the organization’s risk management needs.ProcessInternal
Supplicationnounthe act of communicating with a deity (especially as a petition or in adoration or contrition or thanksgiving)verified
supply chainnounMWEA system of organizations, people, activities, information, and resources, possibly international in scope, that provides products or services to consumers.Process
Supply Chain AttacknounMWEAttacks that allow the adversary to utilize implants or other vulnerabilities inserted prior to installation in order to infiltrate data, or manipulate information technology hardware, software, operating systems, peripherals (information technology products) or services at any point during the life cycle.ThreatRegulatedCUI
supply chain risknounMWEA risk measured by the likelihood and severity of damage if an Information Technology or Operations Technology system is compromised by a supply chain attack, and takes into account the importance of the system and the impact of compromise on organizational operations and assets, individuals, other organizations, and the Nation. Supply chain attacks may involve manipulating computing system hardware, software, or services at any point during the life cycle. Supply chain attacks are typically conducted or facilitated by individuals or organizations that have access through commercial ties, leading to stolen critical data and technology, corruption of the system/ infrastructure, and/or disabling of mission-critical operations.ThreatRegulated
Supply Chain Risk ManagementnounMWEThe process of identifying, analyzing, and assessing supply chain risk and accepting, avoiding, transferring or controlling it to an acceptable level considering associated costs and benefits of any actions taken.ProcessRegulated
supply chain risk management processnounMWEThe implementation through controls and structures of strategies to manage both everyday and exceptional risks along the supply chain based on continuous risk assessment with the objective of reducing vulnerability and ensuring continuity.ProcessRegulated
Supply-Side EconomicsnounMWEthe school of economic theory that stresses the costs of production as a means of stimulating the economyverified
support functionnounMWEA category of operational activity within a system or organization that enables, maintains, or oversees the primary mission — encompassing roles such as configuration management, quality assurance, testing, system administration, programming, and network security. NIST distinguishes "support functions" from "mission or business functions," treating them as the infrastructure-oriented counterpart to direct mission execution. In the field, the expression is used principally in the context of separation of duties: organizations are required to divide mission functions and support functions among different individuals or roles — and to further divide system support functions across distinct individuals even within that category (e.g., quality assurance, configuration management, network security, system management, assessments, and programming) — so that no single person accumulates enough access or authority to commit or conceal malfeasance. This directly addresses the potential for abuse of authorized privileges and reduces the risk of malevolent activity without collusion.ProcessInternal
Support HosenounMWEelasticized stocking intended to reduce pressure on the veins of the leg (as in case of varicose veins)verified
Support LevelnounMWEthe price at which a certain security becomes attractive to investors on the stock marketverified
Support StockingnounMWEelasticized stocking intended to reduce pressure on the veins of the leg (as in case of varicose veins)verified
Support SystemnounMWEa network of facilities and people who interact and remain in informal communication for mutual assistanceverified
Support Vector MachinesnounMWEA supervised machine learning model for data classification and regression analysis. One of the most used classifiers in machine learning. It optimizes the width of the gap between the points of separate categories in feature space.System
Supporternouna band (usually elastic) worn around the leg to hold up a stocking (or around the arm to hold up a sleeve)verified
Supporting FirenounMWEfire delivered by supporting units to protect or assist a unit in combatverified
Suppositorynouna small plug of medication designed for insertion into the rectum or vagina where it meltsverified
Suppressernouna gene that suppresses the phenotypic expression of another gene (especially of a mutant gene)verified
Suppresser GenenounMWEa gene that suppresses the phenotypic expression of another gene (especially of a mutant gene)verified
Suppressionnounthe act of withholding or withdrawing some book or writing from publication or circulationverified
Suppression MeasurenounMWEAction, procedure, modification, or device that reduces the level of, or inhibits the generation of, compromising emanations in an information system.ControlRegulatedCUI
Suppressive FirenounMWEfire on or about a weapon system to degrade its performance below what is needed to fulfill its mission objectivesverified
Suppressornouna gene that suppresses the phenotypic expression of another gene (especially of a mutant gene)verified
Suppressor GenenounMWEa gene that suppresses the phenotypic expression of another gene (especially of a mutant gene)verified
Suppurationnoun(medicine) the formation of morbific matter in an abscess or a vesicle and the discharge of pusverified
Suprarenal GlandnounMWEeither of a pair of complex endocrine glands situated near the kidneyverified
Supremacistnouna person who advocates the supremacy of some particular group or race over all othersverified